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\nT\u00fcrk\u00admen top\u00adra\u00adgy \u00fde\u00adras\u00adty ba\u00fd\u00adlyk\u00adla\u00adry\u00ad\u0148 uly go\u00adru\u00adna e\u00fde\u00addir. Bu ba\u00fd\u00adlyk\u00adlar mil\u00adli yk\u00addy\u00adsa\u00addy\u00ad\u00fde\u00adti\u00admi\u00adzi\u0148 \u00f6s\u00fc\u00ad\u015fi\u00adni\u0148 bin\u00ad\u00fda\u00addy bo\u00adlup hyz\u00admat ed\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Sa\u00adha\u00adwat\u00adly t\u00fcrk\u00admen top\u00adra\u00adgyn\u00adda\u00adky gym\u00admat\u00adly \u00e7ig mal se\u00adri\u015f\u00adde\u00adle\u00adri hi\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda se\u00adna\u00adga\u00adty\u00adny\u0148 bat\u00adly dep\u00adgin\u00adler bi\u00adlen \u00f6s\u00add\u00fc\u00adril\u00adme\u00adgi\u00adne m\u00fcm\u00adkin\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik ber\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Hi\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda se\u00adna\u00adga\u00adty \u00e4girt uly m\u00fcm\u00adkin\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik\u00adle\u00adre e\u00fde bo\u00adlan hem-de da\u00ad\u015fa\u00adry \u00fdurt\u00adlardan ge\u00adti\u00adril\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00adle\u00adri\u0148 or\u00adnu\u00adny tut\u00admak\u00adda esa\u00adsy or\u00adny e\u00fde\u00adle\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n se\u00adna\u00adgat pu\u00addak\u00adla\u00adry\u00adny\u0148 bi\u00adri\u00addir. Bu pu\u00adda\u00adgy\u0148 d\u00f6w\u00adre\u00adbap de\u00adre\u00adje\u00adde \u00f6s\u00add\u00fc\u00adril\u00adme\u00adgi\u00adne uly \u00e4h\u00admi\u00ad\u00fdet ber\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n Gah\u00adry\u00adman Ar\u00adka\u00adda\u00adgy\u00admy\u00adzy\u0148 Per\u00adma\u00adny\u00adna la\u00ad\u00fdyk\u00adlyk\u00adda, her \u00fdy\u00adly\u0148 31-nji mar\u00adty Hi\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda se\u00adna\u00adga\u00adty\u00adny\u0148 i\u015f\u00adg\u00e4r\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni\u0148 g\u00fc\u00adni di\u00fd\u00adlip yg\u00adlan edil\u00addi. Hor\u00admat\u00adly Pre\u00adzi\u00adden\u00adti\u00admi\u00adzi\u0148 hem\u00adme\u00adta\u00adrap\u00adla\u00ad\u00fdyn gol\u00adda\u00adwyn\u00addan hem-de \u00f6z\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni\u0148 h\u00fc\u00adn\u00e4r ba\u00fd\u00adram\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adly\u00adgyn\u00addan ruh\u00adla\u00adnan hi\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda se\u00adna\u00adga\u00adty\u00adny\u0148 i\u015f\u00adg\u00e4r\u00adle\u00adri \u00f6\u0148\u00adk\u00fc\u00adde\u00adnem has hyjuw\u00adly z\u00e4h\u00admet \u00e7e\u00adkip, \u00fdur\u00addu\u00admy\u00adzy\u0148 mil\u00adli yk\u00addy\u00adsa\u00addy\u00ad\u00fde\u00adti\u00adni\u0148 bar\u00adha kuw\u00adwat\u00adlan\u00adma\u00adgy\u00adna my\u00adna\u00adsyp go\u00ad\u015fan\u00adtlaryny go\u015f\u00ad\u00fdar\u00adlar.
\nSo\u0148\u00adky \u00fdyl\u00adlar\u00adda pu\u00adda\u00adgy\u0148 \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik kuw\u00adwa\u00adty\u00adny has-da \u00f6s\u00add\u00fcr\u00admek mak\u00adsa\u00addy bi\u00adlen, Di\u00ad\u00fda\u00adry\u00admy\u00adzy\u0148 d\u00fcr\u00adli \u00fder\u00adle\u00adrin\u00adde hi\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni \u00f6n\u00add\u00fcr\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n d\u00f6w\u00adre\u00adbap k\u00e4r\u00adha\u00adna\u00adlar gur\u00adlup, ulan\u00adma\u00adga be\u00adril\u00addi. Olar d\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4\u00adni\u0148 k\u00e4\u00admil teh\u00adno\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adla\u00adry bi\u00adlen en\u00adjam\u00adla\u015f\u00addy\u00adryl\u00addy. Hi\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni \u00f6n\u00add\u00fcr\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n hu\u00adsu\u00adsy k\u00e4r\u00adha\u00adna\u00adla\u00adry gur\u00admak we ola\u00adry\u0148 i\u015fi\u00adni \u00fdo\u00adla go\u00fd\u00admak, te\u00adle\u00adke\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adli\u00adgi \u00f6s\u00add\u00fcr\u00admek, da\u00ad\u015fa\u00adry \u00fdurt\u00adlar\u00addan ge\u00adti\u00adril\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n ha\u00adryt\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 or\u00adnu\u00adny tut\u00ad\u00fdan \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00adle\u00adri \u00f6n\u00add\u00fcr\u00admek bo\u00ad\u00fdun\u00ad\u00e7a uly i\u015f\u00adler al\u00adnyp ba\u00adryl\u00ad\u00fdar. \u201cT\u00fcrk\u00admen\u00adhi\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda\u201d d\u00f6w\u00adlet kon\u00adser\u00adni\u00adni\u0148 ga\u00adra\u00adma\u00adgyn\u00adda\u00adky \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik k\u00e4r\u00adha\u00adna\u00adla\u00adry bo\u00adlan T\u00fcrk\u00adme\u00adna\u00adbat\u00adda\u00adky hi\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda za\u00adwo\u00addy\u00adnda, \u201cTe\u00adjen\u00adkar\u00adba\u00admid\u201d, \u201cMa\u00adry\u00adkar\u00adba\u00admid\u201d, \u201cGa\u00adra\u00adbo\u00adgaz\u00adkar\u00adba\u00admid\u201d, \u201cHa\u00adzar\u201d hi\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda, \u201cBal\u00adka\u00adna\u00adbat\u201d we \u201cBe\u00adre\u00adket\u201d \u00fdod za\u00adwod\u00adla\u00adry\u00adnda, Gar\u00adlyk ka\u00adli\u00fd dag-mag\u00addan top\u00adlu\u00admy\u00adnda we be\u00fd\u00adle\u00adki k\u00e4r\u00adha\u00adna\u00adla\u00adr\u00adda \u00fdo\u00adka\u00adry z\u00e4h\u00admet ne\u00adti\u00adje\u00adle\u00adri ga\u00adza\u00adnyl\u00ad\u00fdar.
\nUly \u00f6s\u00fc\u015f\u00adle\u00adre e\u00fde bol\u00ad\u00fdan oba ho\u00adja\u00adly\u00adgy \u00fc\u00e7in ze\u00adrur bo\u00adlan \u00fdo\u00adka\u00adry hil\u00adli mi\u00adne\u00adral d\u00f6\u00adk\u00fcn\u00adle\u00adrini\u0148 \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik kuw\u00adwat\u00adlyk\u00adla\u00adry\u00adny art\u00addyr\u00admak hi\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda se\u00adna\u00adga\u00adty\u00adny\u0148 ile\u00adri tu\u00adtul\u00ad\u00fdan ugur\u00adla\u00adry\u00addyr. Je\u00admi \u00f6n\u00add\u00fc\u00adril\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n d\u00f6\u00adk\u00fcn\u00adle\u00adri\u0148 m\u00f6\u00e7\u00adbe\u00adri T\u00fcrk\u00adme\u00adnis\u00adtan\u00adda oba\u00adse\u00adna\u00adgat top\u00adlu\u00admy\u00adny\u0148 azot \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00adle\u00adri\u00adne bo\u00adlan is\u00adleg\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni do\u00adly de\u00adre\u00adje\u00adde ka\u00adna\u00adgat\u00adlan\u00addyr\u00admak bi\u00adlen \u00e7\u00e4k\u00adlen\u00adm\u00e4n, e\u00fd\u00adsem, da\u00ad\u015fa\u00adry \u00fdurt ba\u00adzar\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna hem eks\u00adport et\u00adm\u00e4\u00adge m\u00fcm\u00adkin\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik ber\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015ee\u00fd\u00adle\u00adlik\u00adde, hi\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda se\u00adna\u00adga\u00adty\u00adny\u0148 k\u00e4r\u00adha\u00adna\u00adla\u00adry\u00adny\u0148 sa\u00adny\u00adny\u0148 yzy\u00adgi\u00adder\u00adli art\u00addy\u00adryl\u00adma\u00adgy hem-de bar bo\u00adlan\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik kuw\u00adwat\u00adlyk\u00adla\u00adry\u00adny\u0148 \u00fdo\u00adkar\u00adlan\u00addy\u00adryl\u00adma\u00adgy \u00fdur\u00addu\u00admy\u00adzy\u0148 \u00f6s\u00fc\u00ad\u015fi\u00adne o\u0148yn t\u00e4\u00adsi\u00adri\u00adni \u00fde\u00adtir\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r.
\nHi\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda se\u00adna\u00adga\u00adty \u2013 bu ug\u00adle\u00adwo\u00addo\u00adrod, mi\u00adne\u00adral we be\u00fd\u00adle\u00adki \u00e7ig mal\u00addan hi\u00admi\u00adki usul\u00adda ga\u00fd\u00adta\u00addan i\u015f\u00adle\u00admek ar\u00adka\u00adly \u00f6n\u00fcm \u00f6n\u00add\u00fcr\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n se\u00adna\u00adgat pu\u00adda\u00adgy bo\u00adlup, ol se\u00adna\u00adgat \u00f6w\u00adr\u00fc\u00adli\u00ad\u015fi\u00adgi\u00adni\u0148 ba\u015f\u00adlan\u00adma\u00adgy bi\u00adlen, a\u00fd\u00adra\u00adtyn pu\u00addak h\u00f6k\u00adm\u00fcn\u00adde ke\u00adma\u00adla ge\u00adlip ug\u00adra\u00ad\u00fdar. D\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4\u00adde i\u0148 bir gir\u00adde\u00adji\u00adli pu\u00addak\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 bi\u00adri\u00adne \u00f6w\u00adr\u00fc\u00adlen hi\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda se\u00adna\u00adga\u00adty\u00adny\u0148 \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik m\u00f6\u00e7\u00adbe\u00adri AB\u015e-ny\u0148 2 tril\u00adli\u00adon dol\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna de\u0148\u00addir. Bu pu\u00adda\u00adga de\u00adgi\u015f\u00adli k\u00fc\u00adk\u00fcrt kis\u00adlo\u00adta\u00adsy\u00adny \u00f6n\u00add\u00fcr\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n il\u00adkin\u00adji k\u00e4r\u00adha\u00adna\u00adlar 1736-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda Be\u00ad\u00fdik Bri\u00adta\u00adni\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda, 1766-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda Fran\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda, 1805-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda Rus\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda we 1810-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda Ger\u00adma\u00adni\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda gur\u00adlup\u00addyr. XIX asy\u00adry\u0148 or\u00adta\u00adla\u00adryn\u00adda oba ho\u00adja\u00adly\u00adgy pu\u00adda\u00adgyn\u00adda\u00ad uly \u00f6s\u00fc\u015f\u00adle\u00adre e\u00fde bol\u00adunma\u00adgy bi\u00adlen mi\u00adne\u00adral d\u00f6\u00adk\u00fcn\u00adle\u00adrini \u00f6n\u00add\u00fcr\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik k\u00e4r\u00adha\u00adna\u00adla\u00adry gur\u00adlup ba\u015f\u00adla\u00adnyp\u00addyr.
\nH\u00e4\u00adzir\u00adki d\u00f6\u00adw\u00fcr\u00adde hor\u00admat\u00adly Pre\u00adzi\u00adden\u00adti\u00admi\u00adzi\u0148 pa\u00adra\u00adsat\u00adly ba\u015f\u00adtu\u00adtan\u00adly\u00adgyn\u00adda pu\u00adda\u00adgy\u0148 \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik kuw\u00adwat\u00adlyk\u00adla\u00adry has-da pug\u00adta\u00adlan\u00addy\u00adry\u00adlyp, d\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4\u00adni\u0148 iri hi\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik k\u00e4r\u00adha\u00adna\u00adla\u00adry bi\u00adlen b\u00e4s\u00adle\u015f\u00adm\u00e4\u00adge ukyp\u00adly \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik\u00adle\u00adri\u0148 ha\u00adta\u00adry\u00adna go\u00ad\u015ful\u00addy. Hu\u00adsu\u00adsan-da, mi\u00adne\u00adral d\u00f6\u00adk\u00fcnleri\u0148 \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adli\u00adgin\u00adde \u00fdur\u00addu\u00admyz esa\u00adsy eks\u00adport edi\u00adji d\u00f6w\u00adlet\u00adle\u00adri\u0148 ha\u00adta\u00adryn\u00adda dur\u00ad\u00fdar.
\n\u201cT\u00fcrk\u00admen top\u00adra\u00adgy\u00adny\u0148 \u00e4h\u00adli ba\u00fd\u00adly\u00adgy hal\u00adky\u00admy\u00adzy\u0148 bag\u00adty\u00ad\u00fdar we aba\u00addan \u00fda\u00ad\u015fa\u00adma\u00adgy\u00adna hyz\u00admat et\u00adme\u00adli\u00addir\u201d di\u00ad\u00fdip bel\u00adle\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n hor\u00admat\u00adly Pre\u00adzi\u00adden\u00adti\u00admi\u00adze hi\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda se\u00adna\u00adga\u00adty\u00adny\u0148 hem\u00adme\u00adta\u00adra\u00adpla\u00ad\u00fdyn \u00f6s\u00add\u00fc\u00adril\u00adme\u00adgi\u00adne uly \u00e4h\u00admi\u00ad\u00fdet hem-de yzy\u00adgi\u00adder\u00adli gol\u00addaw ber\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n\u00addi\u00adgi \u00fc\u00e7in \u00e7\u00e4k\u00adsiz ho\u00ad\u015fal\u00adly\u00adgy\u00admy\u00adzy bil\u00addir\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4\u00adris. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gur\u00adban\u00admy\u00adrat D\u00f6w\u00adle\u00adtow,
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