Red\u00ad\u00fdard Kip\u00adling
\nI\u0148\u00adlis \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adjy\u00adsy, \u015fa\u00adhy\u00adry we no\u00adwel\u00adla\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adsy Jo\u00adzef Red\u00ad\u00fdard Kip\u00adlin\u00adgi\u0148 as\u00adly ang\u00adli\u00ad\u00fda\u00adly gurply da\u00fd\u00adhan ma\u015f\u00adga\u00adla\u00ad\u00addan bo\u00adlup\u00addyr. Gel\u00adjek\u00adki \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adjy 1865-nji \u00fdy\u00adly\u0148 30-njy de\u00adkab\u00adryn\u00adda Hin\u00addis\u00adta\u00adny\u0148 Bom\u00adbe\u00fd \u015f\u00e4\u00adhe\u00adrin\u00adde d\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4 in\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015eol wagt\u00adlar onu\u0148 ka\u00adka\u00adsy Jon Lok\u00adwud Kip\u00adling Bom\u00adbe\u00ad\u00fdi\u0148 sun\u00adgat mek\u00adde\u00adbi\u00adni\u0148 rek\u00adto\u00adry we pro\u00adfes\u00adso\u00adry eken. Eje\u00adsi Ali\u00adsa Mak\u00addo\u00adnal\u00addy\u0148 ede\u00adbi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adta \u00f6z\u00adbo\u00adlu\u015f\u00adly \u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u00adgi bo\u00adlup, d\u00fcr\u00adli ne\u00ad\u015fir\u00adler\u00adde eser\u00adle\u00adri \u00e7ap edi\u00adlip\u00addir. \u015ee\u00fd\u00adle\u00adlik\u00adde, ma\u015f\u00adga\u00adla\u00adda\u00adky ede\u00adbi d\u00f6\u00adre\u00addi\u00adji\u00adlik \u00e7a\u00adga\u00adny\u0148 ru\u00adhy \u00f6s\u00fc\u00ad\u015fin\u00adde o\u0148a\u00fd\u00adly \u015fert\u00adle\u00adri d\u00f6\u00adre\u00addip\u00addir. Ene-ata\u00adsy Red\u00ad\u00fdar\u00addy 6 \u00fda\u00ad\u015fyn\u00adda\u00adka ki\u00ad\u00e7i u\u00fda\u00adsy bi\u00adlen bir\u00adlik\u00adde aras\u00adsa i\u0148\u00adlis di\u00adli\u00adni \u00f6z\u00adle\u015f\u00addir\u00adme\u00adgi \u00fc\u00e7in Ang\u00adli\u00ad\u00fda ug\u00adrad\u00ad\u00fdar. Ola\u00adry \u00e7a\u00adga ter\u00adbi\u00ad\u00fde\u00adsi bi\u00adlen me\u015f\u00adgul\u00adlan\u00ad\u00fdan hu\u00adsu\u00adsy okuw mek\u00adde\u00adbi\u00adne \u00fder\u00adle\u015f\u00addi\u00adr\u00fd\u00e4r\u00adler. Og\u00adlan\u00adjy\u00adgy\u0148 bu \u00fder\u00adde ba\u015f\u00addan ge\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adren kyn\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adlyk\u00adla\u00adry so\u0148\u00adra onu\u0148 \u201cGo\u00adtur go\u00ad\u00fdun\u201d at\u00adly he\u00adka\u00ad\u00fda\u00adsyn\u00adda \u00f6z be\u00ad\u00fda\u00adny\u00adny tap\u00ad\u00fdar.
\n12 \u00fda\u00ad\u015fy\u00adna ba\u00adra\u00adn\u00adda Kip\u00adlin\u00adgi De\u00adwon graf\u00adly\u00adgyn\u00adda\u00adky \u201cWest\u00adward-Ho\u201d mek\u00adde\u00adbi\u00adne be\u00adr\u00fd\u00e4r\u00adler. Bu \u00fder\u00adde ab\u00adra\u00fd\u00adly har\u00adby aka\u00adde\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda gir\u00admek \u00fc\u00e7in gel\u00adjek\u00adki ser\u00adker\u00adde\u00adler ta\u00fd\u00ad\u00fdar\u00adla\u00adny\u00adlyp\u00addyr. Kip\u00adling bu ba\u00adra\u00adda \u201cStalky & Co.\u201d at\u00adly ki\u00adta\u00adbyn\u00adda be\u00ad\u00fdan ed\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Kip\u00adling 1882-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda uzak\u00addan g\u00f6r\u00adme\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n\u00adli\u00adgi se\u00adb\u00e4p\u00adli, bu mek\u00adde\u00adbi ta\u015f\u00adla\u00adma\u00adly bol\u00ad\u00fdar.
\nRed\u00ad\u00fdard Ang\u00adli\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda 11 \u00fdyl \u00fda\u00ad\u015fap, Hin\u00addis\u00adta\u00adna do\u00adlan\u00ad\u00fdar. Ol \u00f6wreni\u015fen \u00fderinden git\u00admek is\u00adle\u00adme\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Ol \u00f6z\u00fc\u00adni\u0148 il\u00adkin\u00adji s\u00f6\u00fd\u00adg\u00fc\u00adsi bo\u00adlan Flo\u00adrens Ger\u00adrar\u00addy hem go\u00ad\u00fdup git\u00adm\u00e4\u00adge mej\u00adbur bo\u00adl\u00fdar. Bu gyz so\u0148\u00adra onu\u0148 \u201cS\u00f6nen \u015fam\u00e7yrag\u201d ro\u00adma\u00adny\u00adny\u0148 gah\u00adry\u00adman\u00adla\u00adry\u00adny\u0148 bi\u00adri\u00adne \u00f6w\u00adr\u00fcl\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r.
\nRed\u00ad\u00fdard Hin\u00addis\u00adta\u00adna tiz u\u00fd\u00adgun\u00adla\u015f\u00ad\u00fdar. Ol ba\u00adsym \u00fder\u00adli \u201chin\u00addus\u00adta\u00adni\u201d di\u00adlin\u00adde er\u00adkin g\u00fcr\u00adl\u00e4p ug\u00adra\u00ad\u00fdar. D\u00f6\u00adre\u00addi\u00adji\u00adlik i\u015fi Red\u00ad\u00fdar\u00adda ga\u00adla\u00admy\u00adny \u00fdi\u00adtelt\u00adm\u00e4\u00adge we Hin\u00addis\u00adta\u00adny has go\u00adwy ta\u00adna\u00adtma\u00adga m\u00fcm\u00adkin\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik ber\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. He\u00adka\u00ad\u00fda\u00adla\u00adry we go\u015f\u00adgu\u00adla\u00adry o\u0148a me\u015f\u00adhur\u00adlyk ge\u00adtir\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Kip\u00adlin\u00adgi\u0148 gah\u00adry\u00adman\u00adla\u00adry k\u00f6p\u00adlen\u00e7, emel\u00addar\u00adlar, luk\u00adman\u00adlar, es\u00adger\u00adler we ser\u00adker\u00adde\u00adler bo\u00adlup\u00addyr.
\nKip\u00adling \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adjy h\u00f6k\u00adm\u00fcn\u00adde Hin\u00addis\u00adtan\u00adda ke\u00adma\u00adla gel\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Me\u00adge\u00adrem, i\u0148\u00adlis\u00adle\u00adre Kip\u00adling\u00adsiz XIX asy\u00adry\u0148 ikin\u00adji \u00fda\u00adry\u00admyn\u00adda Hin\u00addis\u00adta\u00adny\u0148 ne\u00adne\u0148\u00adsi \u00fdurt\u00addu\u00adgy\u00adny ta\u00adna\u00admak ba\u00ad\u015fart\u00adma\u00adsa-da ba\u00ad\u015fart\u00admaz\u00addy. \u00dda\u00adzy\u00adjy i\u0148\u00adlis\u00adler \u00fc\u00e7in bu \u00fdur\u00addy a\u00e7an\u00adda, ol eje\u00adsi\u00adni\u0148 a\u00fd\u00addan \u201cDi\u00ad\u0148e Ang\u00adli\u00ad\u00fda\u00adny bil\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n, ony bil\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n d\u00e4l\u00addir\u201d di\u00ad\u00fden s\u00f6z\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni he\u00admi\u00ad\u015fe \u00fdat\u00adlap\u00addyr.
\nKip\u00adling \u015fol bir wag\u00adty\u0148 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00adde \u015fa\u00adhyr we pro\u00adza\u00ad\u00e7y h\u00f6k\u00adm\u00fcn\u00adde ady\u00adgyp ug\u00adra\u00ad\u00fdar. Onu\u0148 1886-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda ne\u00ad\u015fir edi\u00adlen \u201cDe\u00adper\u00adta\u00adment a\u00fd\u00addy\u00admy\u201d at\u00adly il\u00adkin\u00adji go\u015f\u00adgu\u00adlar \u00fdy\u00adgyn\u00addy\u00adsy, \u015fe\u00fd\u00adle tiz sa\u00adty\u00adlyp gu\u00adta\u00adryp\u00addyr we\u00adlin, \u015fol \u00fdy\u00adly\u0148 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00adde ga\u00fd\u00adta\u00addan \u00e7ap edi\u00adlip\u00addir. Iki \u00fdyl so\u0148\u00adra bol\u00adsa, \u201cBa\u00ad\u00fdyr\u00adlar ba\u00adra\u00adda \u00fd\u00f6\u00adne\u00adke\u00fd he\u00adka\u00ad\u00fda\u00adlar\u201d at\u00adly no\u00adwel\u00adla\u00adlar \u00fdy\u00adgyn\u00addy\u00adsy pe\u00fd\u00adda bol\u00ad\u00fdar. 1887-nji \u00fdyl\u00addan 1889-njy \u00fdy\u00adla \u00e7en\u00adli Kip\u00adlingi\u0148 gys\u00adga he\u00adka\u00ad\u00fda\u00adla\u00adrdan yba\u00adrat al\u00adty \u00fdy\u00adgyn\u00addy\u00adsy ne\u00ad\u015fir e\u00addil\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Bu \u00fdy\u00adgyn\u00addy\u00adlar o\u0148a Hin\u00addis\u00adtan\u00adda we Bri\u00adtan im\u00adpe\u00adri\u00ad\u00fda\u00adsy\u00adny\u0148 \u00e4h\u00adli \u00fde\u00adrin\u00adde uly me\u015f\u00adhur\u00adlyk ge\u00adtir\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r.
\n\u00dda\u00adzy\u00adjy 1889-njy \u00fdy\u00adly\u0148 ahyr\u00adla\u00adryn\u00adda Ang\u00adli\u00ad\u00fda\u00adny k\u00fc\u00fd\u00ads\u00e4p ug\u00adra\u00ad\u00fdar. Kip\u00adling \u00f6z wa\u00adta\u00adny\u00adna \u00dda\u00adpo\u00adni\u00ad\u00fda\u00adny\u0148 we De\u00admir\u00adga\u00adzyk Ame\u00adri\u00adka\u00adny\u0148 \u00fcs\u00adti bi\u00adlen \u00fdo\u00adla d\u00fc\u015f\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Onu\u0148 mad\u00addy \u00fdag\u00adda\u00ad\u00fdy\u00adny\u0148 go\u00adwy bol\u00adma\u00adgy uzak sy\u00ad\u00fda\u00adha\u00adty ama\u00adla a\u015fyr\u00adma\u00adga m\u00fcm\u00adkin\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik ber\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Lon\u00addon Kip\u00adlin\u00adgi ta\u00adny\u00admal ede\u00adbi\u00ad\u00fdat\u00ad\u00e7y h\u00f6k\u00adm\u00fcn\u00adde uly \u015fat\u00adlyk bi\u00adlen gar\u00ad\u015fy a\u00adl\u00ad\u00fdar. Kip\u00adling Lon\u00addon\u00adda i\u0148\u00adlis aw\u00adtor\u00adla\u00adry bi\u00adlen \u00fdyg\u00adjam ara\u00adgat\u00adna\u00ad\u015fy\u00adgy \u00fdo\u00adla go\u00fd\u00admak mak\u00adsa\u00addy bi\u00adlen Ang\u00adli\u00ad\u00fda ge\u00adlen \u00fda\u015f ame\u00adri\u00adkan ne\u00ad\u015fir\u00ad\u00fdat\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adsy Wol\u00adkott Ba\u00adles\u00adti\u00ader bi\u00adlen ta\u00adny\u015f bol\u00ad\u00fdar.
\nKip\u00adling 1892-nji \u00fdy\u00adly\u0148 18-nji \u00fdan\u00adwa\u00adryn\u00adda Ba\u00adles\u00adtie\u00adri\u0148 u\u00fda\u00adsy Ka\u00adro\u00adli\u00adna \u00f6\u00fd\u00adlen\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015ee\u00fd\u00adle\u00adlik\u00adde, \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adjy\u00adny\u0148 dur\u00admu\u00ad\u015fy\u00adny\u0148 ame\u00adri\u00adkan d\u00f6w\u00adri ba\u015f\u00adla\u00ad\u00fdar. Olar AB\u015e-da \u00fda\u00ad\u015fap, Lon\u00addo\u00adna do\u00adla\u00adnan\u00adla\u00adryn\u00adda e\u00fd\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4m \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7agalary bardy. 1899-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda Kip\u00adlin\u00adgi\u0148 gy\u00adzy Red\u00ad\u00fdard Jo\u00adze\u00adfi\u00adna \u00f6\u00fd\u00adken so\u00adwuk\u00adla\u00adma\u00adsyn\u00addan ara\u00addan \u00e7yk\u00ad\u00fdar. Oky\u00adjy\u00adlar bu pa\u00adjy\u00adga\u00adny\u0148 \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adja n\u00e4\u00adhi\u00adli agyr de\u00adgen\u00addi\u00adgi\u00adni di\u00ad\u0148e onu\u0148 \u201cOlar\u201d di\u00ad\u00fden he\u00adka\u00ad\u00fda\u00adsy\u00adny okan\u00adla\u00adryn\u00addan so\u0148 bi\u00adlip gal\u00ad\u00fdar\u00adlar. Ame\u00adri\u00adkan d\u00f6w\u00adri Kip\u00adlin\u00adgi\u0148 d\u00f6\u00adre\u00addi\u00adji\u00adli\u00adgi\u00adni\u0148 i\u0148 \u00f6n\u00adje\u00fd\u00adli \u00fdyl\u00adla\u00adry bo\u00adlan bol\u00adsa ge\u00adrek. K\u00f6p san\u00adly he\u00adka\u00ad\u00fda\u00adla\u00adryn\u00addan, ro\u00adman\u00adla\u00adryn\u00addan, no\u00adwel\u00adla\u00adla\u00adryn\u00addan ba\u015f\u00adga-da \u201cJe\u0148\u00ad\u0148el\u00adle\u00adri\u0148 ki\u00adta\u00adby\u201d we \u201c\u00dd\u00f6\u00adne\u00adke\u00fd er\u00adte\u00adki\u00adler\u201d at\u00adly iki ki\u00adta\u00adby \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adja \u00e4girt uly me\u015f\u00adhur\u00adlyk ge\u00adti\u00adr\u00fd\u00e4r. \u00ddyl\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 ge\u00e7\u00adme\u00adgi bi\u00adlen bu eser\u00adler i\u0148 go\u00adwy \u00e7a\u00adga\u00adlar \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adjy\u00adsy h\u00f6k\u00adm\u00fcn\u00adde Kip\u00adlin\u00adgi\u0148 \u015f\u00f6h\u00adra\u00adty\u00adny m\u00fc\u00addi\u00admi\u00adle\u015f\u00addi\u00adr\u00fd\u00e4r. Onu\u0148 me\u015f\u00adhur ro\u00adma\u00adny \u201cKim\u201d-de bol\u00adsa, \u00fde\u00adtim og\u00adla\u00adny\u0148 dur\u00admu\u00ad\u015fy t\u00e4\u00adsir\u00adli be\u00ad\u00fdan edil\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r.
\nKip\u00adling 1902-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda Sus\u00adsek graf\u00adly\u00adgyn\u00adda \u015f\u00e4\u00adhe\u00adri\u0148 da\u00ad\u015fyn\u00addan ja\u00fd sa\u00adtyn alyp, \u00f6m\u00adr\u00fc\u00adni\u0148 ahy\u00adry\u00adna \u00e7en\u00adli \u015fol \u00fder\u00adde \u00fda\u00ad\u015fa\u00ad\u00fdar. Ol di\u00ad\u0148e bir eser\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni d\u00f6\u00adret\u00admek bi\u00adlen \u00e7\u00e4k\u00adlen\u00adm\u00e4n, jem\u00adgy\u00ad\u00fdet\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik-sy\u00ad\u00fda\u00adsy i\u015f\u00adle\u00adr bi\u00adlen hem me\u015f\u00adgul\u00adlan\u00ad\u00fdar. Ol 1907-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda No\u00adbe\u00adli\u0148 ede\u00adbi\u00ad\u00fdat bo\u00ad\u00fdun\u00ad\u00e7a ba\u00fd\u00adra\u00adgy bi\u00adlen sy\u00adlag\u00adlan\u00ad\u00fdar. \u015eol \u00fdyl \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adjy Ang\u00adli\u00ad\u00fda\u00adny\u0148 iri uni\u00adwer\u00adsi\u00adtet\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni\u0148 hor\u00admat\u00adly at\u00adla\u00adry, Pa\u00adri\u00ad\u017ei\u0148, Stras\u00adbur\u00adgy\u0148 we To\u00adron\u00adto\u00adny\u0148 i\u0148 \u00fdo\u00adka\u00adry ba\u00fd\u00adrak\u00adla\u00adry bi\u00adlen sy\u00adlag\u00adlan\u00ad\u00ad\u00fdar. Birinji jahan ur\u015funda \u00fdeke-t\u00e4k ogly Jonu\u0148 aradan \u00e7ykmagy o\u0148a gaty agyr deg\u00fd\u00e4r. 1933-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda Kip\u00adlin\u00adgi\u0148 sag\u00adlyk \u00fdag\u00adda\u00ad\u00fdy du\u00fd\u00addan\u00adsyz \u00fda\u00adra\u00admaz\u00adla\u015f\u00ad\u00fdar. Ol 1936-njy \u00fdy\u00adly\u0148 ba\u00ad\u015fyn\u00adda \u00f6z\u00fc\u00adni be\u00adjert\u00admek \u00fc\u00e7in Kan\u00adna git\u00adme\u00adgi \u00fd\u00fc\u00adre\u00adgi\u00adne d\u00fcw\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r, \u00fd\u00f6\u00adne ol di\u00ad\u0148e Lon\u00addo\u00adna \u00e7en\u00adli a\u015fyp bi\u00adlip\u00addir. Jo\u00adzef Red\u00ad\u00fdard Kip\u00adling 1936-njy \u00fdy\u00adly\u0148 18-nji \u00fdan\u00adwa\u00adryn\u00adda ara\u00addan \u00e7yk\u00ad\u00fdar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Red\u00ad\u00fdard Kip\u00adling I\u0148\u00adlis \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adjy\u00adsy, \u015fa\u00adhy\u00adry we no\u00adwel\u00adla\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adsy Jo\u00adzef Red\u00ad\u00fdard Kip\u00adlin\u00adgi\u0148 as\u00adly ang\u00adli\u00ad\u00fda\u00adly gurply da\u00fd\u00adhan ma\u015f\u00adga\u00adla\u00ad\u00addan bo\u00adlup\u00addyr. Gel\u00adjek\u00adki \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adjy 1865-nji \u00fdy\u00adly\u0148 30-njy de\u00adkab\u00adryn\u00adda Hin\u00addis\u00adta\u00adny\u0148 Bom\u00adbe\u00fd \u015f\u00e4\u00adhe\u00adrin\u00adde d\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4 in\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015eol wagt\u00adlar onu\u0148 ka\u00adka\u00adsy Jon Lok\u00adwud Kip\u00adling Bom\u00adbe\u00ad\u00fdi\u0148 sun\u00adgat mek\u00adde\u00adbi\u00adni\u0148 rek\u00adto\u00adry we pro\u00adfes\u00adso\u00adry eken. Eje\u00adsi Ali\u00adsa Mak\u00addo\u00adnal\u00addy\u0148 ede\u00adbi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adta \u00f6z\u00adbo\u00adlu\u015f\u00adly \u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u00adgi bo\u00adlup, d\u00fcr\u00adli ne\u00ad\u015fir\u00adler\u00adde eser\u00adle\u00adri \u00e7ap edi\u00adlip\u00addir. \u015ee\u00fd\u00adle\u00adlik\u00adde, ma\u015f\u00adga\u00adla\u00adda\u00adky […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24456,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24446"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24446"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24446\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/media\/24456"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24446"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24446"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24446"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}