T\u00e4\u00adze \u00fdyl ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adsy\u00adny be\u00adze\u00adme\u00adgi\u0148 \u00fd\u00f6\u00adrel\u00adge\u00adle\u00adri il\u00adki Ger\u00adma\u00adni\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda \u00fd\u00fc\u00adze \u00e7yk\u00ad\u00fdar. Mag\u00adlu\u00admat\u00adla\u00adra g\u00f6\u00adr\u00e4, \u015fe\u00fd\u00adle d\u00e4p\u00adler ne\u00admes sy\u00ad\u00fda\u00adsat\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adsy Mar\u00adtin L\u00fdu\u00adter (1483-1546) ta\u00adra\u00adpyn\u00addan ba\u00ad\u015fy ba\u015f\u00adla\u00adnyp\u00addyr. Mar\u00adtin L\u00fdu\u00adter 1513-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda Ro\u017e\u00addest\u00adwo ba\u00fd\u00adram\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adly\u00adgy\u00adny\u0148 \u00f6\u0148 \u00fda\u00adnyn\u00adda ag\u00ad\u015fam \u00e7a\u00adgy \u00f6\u00fd\u00fc\u00adne gel\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r\u00adk\u00e4, as\u00adman gi\u00ad\u0148i\u015f\u00adli\u00adgi\u00adni tu\u00adtup du\u00adran g\u00fcr \u00fdyl\u00addyz\u00adlar top\u00adlu\u00admy\u00adny\u0148 g\u00f6\u00adzel\u00adli\u00adgi\u00adne ha\u00fd\u00adran gal\u00ad\u00fdar. \u015eol gi\u00adje hat\u00adda \u00fdag\u00adty \u00fdyl\u00addyz\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 \u00f6w\u00fc\u015f\u00adgin\u00adle\u00adri ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 i\u0148\u00ad\u0148e\u00adpi\u00adsint p\u00fcr\u00adle\u00adri\u00adne hem d\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcp, \u015f\u00f6h\u00adle\u00adlen\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Ol \u00f6\u00fd\u00fc\u00adne ge\u00adlen\u00adso\u0148, i\u015f sto\u00adlu\u00adny\u0148 \u00fcs\u00adt\u00fcn\u00adde ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adjyk go\u00ad\u00fdup, ony \u015fem\u00adler bi\u00adlen be\u00adze\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Onu\u0148 \u00fcs\u00adt\u00fcn\u00adde bol\u00adsa, Wif\u00adle\u00ad\u00fdem \u00fdyl\u00addy\u00adzy\u00adny \u00fdat\u00adlad\u00ad\u00fdan \u00fdyl\u00addyz\u00adjy\u00adgy go\u00fd\u00ad\u00fdar.
\n\u015ee\u00ad\u00fdle hem, XVI asyr\u00adda Mer\u00adke\u00adzi \u00ddew\u00adro\u00adpa\u00adda T\u00e4\u00adze \u00fdyl ag\u015famy sto\u00adlu\u0148 \u00fcs\u00adt\u00fcn\u00adde al\u00adma, ga\u00adra\u00adly, ar\u00admyt we hoz bi\u00adlen be\u00adze\u00adlen ki\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adjik ar\u00ad\u00e7a aga\u00adjy go\u00fd\u00adlup\u00addyr. XVII asy\u00adry\u0148 ikin\u00adji \u00fda\u00adry\u00admyn\u00adda ne\u00admes we \u015fwe\u00fd\u00adsar ma\u015f\u00adga\u00adla\u00adla\u00adryn\u00adda T\u00e4\u00adze \u00fdyl sa\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adgyn\u00adda i\u0148\u00ad\u0148e p\u00fcr\u00adli aga\u00e7\u00adla\u00adry go\u00fd\u00admak d\u00e4p\u00adle\u00adri gi\u0148\u00adden \u00fda\u00fd\u00adrap ug\u00adra\u00ad\u00fdar. Il\u00adki-il\u00adki\u00adler ki\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adjik ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adjyk\u00adlar d\u00fcr\u00adli kem\u00adput\u00adlar we al\u00adma\u00adlar bi\u00adlen be\u00adze\u00adlip, \u00fdo\u00adkar\u00addan asy\u00adlyp\u00addyr, so\u0148-so\u0148\u00adlar bol\u00adsa, uly ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adny be\u00adze\u00admek d\u00e4p\u00adle\u00adri \u00fdo\u00adla go\u00fd\u00adlup\u00addyr.
\nXIX asy\u00adry\u0148 ba\u015f\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna \u00e7en\u00adli ar\u00ad\u00e7a be\u00adze\u00admek d\u00e4p\u00adle\u00adri \u00ddew\u00adro\u00adpa\u00adny\u0148 be\u00fd\u00adle\u00adki \u00fdurt\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna hem ara\u00adla\u00ad\u015fyp ug\u00adra\u00ad\u00fdar. Il\u00adkin\u00adji T\u00e4\u00adze \u00fdyl ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adsy Finl\u00ad\u00fdan\u00addi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda 1800-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda, Da\u00adni\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda 1810-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda, Nor\u00adwe\u00adgi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda 1828-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda gur\u00adna\u00adlan\u00addy\u00adgy ba\u00adra\u00adda mag\u00adlu\u00adma\u00adtlar bar. Bel\u00adgi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda we Ni\u00adder\u00adland\u00adlar\u00adda bol\u00adsa, ar\u00ad\u00e7a aga\u00adjy di\u00ad\u0148e XIX asy\u00adry\u0148 or\u00adta\u00adla\u00adryn\u00adda pe\u00fd\u00adda bol\u00ad\u00fdar.
\nPa\u00adri\u017e\u00adde il\u00adkin\u00adji T\u00e4\u00adze \u00fdyl ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adsy 1840-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda \u015fa Lui Fi\u00adlip\u00adpi\u0148 k\u00f6\u015f\u00adg\u00fc\u00adni\u0148 \u00f6\u0148\u00fcn\u00adde pe\u00fd\u00adda bol\u00ad\u00fdar. Bu wa\u00adka\u00adny\u0148 esa\u00adsy se\u00adb\u00e4p\u00adk\u00e4\u00adri \u015fany\u0148 ge\u00adlin\u00adli\u00adgi \u00dde\u00adle\u00adna Mek\u00adlen\u00adburg bol\u00ad\u00fdar.
\nAng\u00adli\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda il\u00adkin\u00adji T\u00e4\u00adze \u00fdyl ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adsy ha\u00ad\u00e7an-da, \u015fa ze\u00adnan Wik\u00adto\u00adri\u00ad\u00fda, ger\u00adma\u00adni\u00ad\u00fda\u00adly Al\u00adbert Sak\u00adsen-Ko\u00adbur\u00adga dur\u00admu\u00ad\u015fa \u00e7y\u00adkan\u00adda, Wind\u00adsor k\u00f6\u015f\u00adg\u00fcn\u00adde gur\u00adnal\u00ad\u00fdar.
\nT\u00e4\u00adze \u00fdyl ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adsy ger\u00adma\u00adni\u00ad\u00fda\u00adlyla\u00adry\u0148 gol\u00adda\u00adwy bi\u00adlen Ame\u00adri\u00adka el\u00adtil\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Il\u00adki ony \u015fem\u00adler, mi\u00adwe\u00adler, s\u00fc\u00fd\u00adj\u00fc\u00adlik\u00adler bi\u00adlen be\u00adz\u00e4n bol\u00adsa\u00adlar, so\u00ad\u0148a\u00adba\u00adka ony mum\u00addan, pa\u00admyk\u00addan, kagyzdan we a\u00fd\u00adna\u00addan \u00fda\u00adsa\u00adlan d\u00fcr\u00adli j\u00e4\u00adje\u00adjik\u00adler bi\u00adlen be\u00adze\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r\u00adler.
\nRus\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda T\u00e4\u00adze \u00fdyl ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adsy\u00adny be\u00adze\u00adme\u00adgi\u0148 d\u00e4p\u00adle\u00adri P\u00fdotr I \u00fdar\u00adda\u00admy bi\u00adlen \u00fd\u00fc\u00adze \u00e7yk\u00ad\u00fdar. Ol \u00fda\u015f\u00adlyk \u00fdyl\u00adla\u00adryn\u00adda Ger\u00adma\u00adni\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda Ro\u017e\u00addest\u00adwo ba\u00fd\u00adram\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adly\u00adgyn\u00adda bo\u00adlan\u00adda, al\u00adma we kem\u00adput bi\u00adlen be\u00adze\u00adlen ar\u00ad\u00e7a aga\u00e7\u00adla\u00adry\u00ad g\u00f6\u00adr\u00fcp ge\u0148 gal\u00ad\u00fdar. Bu g\u00f6r\u00adn\u00fc\u015f onu\u0148 g\u00f6w\u00adn\u00fc\u00adni g\u00f6\u00adte\u00adr\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015ee\u00fd\u00adle\u00adlik\u00adde, P\u00fdotr I tag\u00adta \u00e7y\u00adkan\u00addan so\u0148\u00adra, \u00ddew\u00adro\u00adpa\u00adda\u00adky \u00fda\u00adly T\u00e4\u00adze \u00fdyl ba\u00fd\u00adram\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adly\u00adgy\u00adny bel\u00adle\u00admek ha\u00adkyn\u00adda 1699-njy \u00fdy\u00adly\u0148 20-nji de\u00adkab\u00adryn\u00adda per\u00adman \u00e7y\u00adkar\u00ad\u00fdar. \u00dd\u00f6\u00adne Rus\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda T\u00e4\u00adze \u00fdy\u00adly ala\u00admat\u00adlan\u00addyr\u00ad\u00fdan ar\u00ad\u00e7a bir asyr so\u0148\u00adra, XIX asy\u00adry\u0148 40-njy \u00fdyl\u00adla\u00adryn\u00adda gi\u0148\u00adden or\u00adna\u00ad\u015fyp ug\u00adra\u00ad\u00fdar.
\n1817-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda Ni\u00adko\u00adla\u00fd I prus\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adly \u015fa\u00ad gy\u00adzy Lui\u00adza \u015ear\u00adlot\u00adta \u00f6\u00fd\u00adlen\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Im\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adto\u00adry\u0148 a\u00fda\u00adly T\u00e4\u00adze \u00fdyl zy\u00ad\u00fda\u00adpa\u00adtyn\u00adda ar\u00ad\u00e7a aga\u00adjy\u00adny gur\u00adna\u00adma\u00adgy tek\u00adlip ed\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015ee\u00fd\u00adle\u00adlik\u00adde, 1819-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda Ni\u00adko\u00adla\u00fd I a\u00fda\u00adly\u00adny\u0148 ha\u00ad\u00fdy\u00ad\u015fy bi\u00adlen il\u00adkin\u00adji ge\u00adzek Sankt-Pe\u00adter\u00adburg\u00adda\u00adky Ani\u00e7\u00adkow k\u00f6\u015f\u00adg\u00fcn\u00adde T\u00e4\u00adze \u00fdyl ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adsy\u00adny gurna\u00fdar.
\n1852-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda bol\u00adsa \u00dde\u00adka\u00adte\u00adri\u00adna \u015fa\u00ad\u00fdo\u00adlun\u00adda il\u00adkin\u00adji ge\u00adzek k\u00f6p\u00ad\u00e7\u00fc\u00adlik \u00fc\u00e7in ni\u00ad\u00fdet\u00adle\u00adnen T\u00e4\u00adze \u00fdyl ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adsy gur\u00adnal\u00ad\u00fdar. \u015ee\u00fd\u00adle\u00adlik\u00adde, \u015f\u00e4\u00adher\u00adler\u00adde ar\u00ad\u00e7a bo\u00adlan is\u00adleg\u00adler ar\u00adtyp ug\u00adra\u00ad\u00fdar. Bi\u00adrin\u00adji ja\u00adhan ur\u00ad\u015fy \u00fdyl\u00adla\u00adryn\u00adda Rus\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda ar\u00ad\u00e7a be\u00adze\u00adme\u00adgi\u0148 d\u00e4p\u00adle\u00adri do\u00adwam et\u00addi\u00adril\u00adm\u00e4n\u00addir. Ozal\u00adky so\u00adwet d\u00f6w\u00adr\u00fcn\u00adde il\u00adkin\u00adji k\u00f6p\u00ad\u00e7\u00fc\u00adli\u00adge ni\u00ad\u00fdet\u00adle\u00adnen ar\u00ad\u00e7a 1917-nji \u00fdy\u00adly\u0148 31-nji de\u00adkab\u00adryn\u00adda Sankt-Pe\u00adter\u00adburg\u00adda gur\u00adnal\u00ad\u00fdar. 1938-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda bol\u00adsa Mosk\u00adwa\u00adda 10 m\u00fc\u0148\u00adden gow\u00adrak o\u00fdun\u00adjak bi\u00adlen be\u00adze\u00adlen \u00fdur\u00addu\u0148 15 metr\u00adlik ba\u015f ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adsy gur\u00adna\u00adlyp, bu d\u00e4p h\u00e4\u00adzir\u00adki g\u00fcn\u00adle\u00adre \u00e7en\u00adli do\u00adwam et\u00addi\u00adril\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r.
\nH\u00e4\u00adzir\u00adki wagt\u00adda d\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4\u00adde T\u00e4\u00adze \u00fdyl ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adsy\u00adny be\u00adze\u00adme\u00adgi\u0148 bir\u00adn\u00e4\u00ad\u00e7e usul\u00adla\u00adry bar. Ola\u00adry\u0148 has gi\u0148\u00adden \u00fda\u00fd\u00adra\u00adny bol\u00adsa, ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 d\u00fcr\u00adli j\u00e4\u00adje\u00adjik\u00adler, \u00e7y\u00adra\u00adjyk\u00adlar we zer\u00adli sa\u00adpak\u00adlar bi\u00adlen be\u00adzel\u00adme\u00adgi\u00addir. Ge\u00ad\u00e7en \u00fd\u00fcz \u00fdyl\u00adlyk\u00adda d\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4 \u00fdurt\u00adla\u00adryn\u00adda te\u00adbi\u00adgy ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adlar eme\u00adli ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adlar bi\u00adlen \u00e7al\u00ad\u015fy\u00adlyp, ola\u00adry\u0148 k\u00e4\u00adbi\u00adri ha\u00adky\u00adky ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00addan on\u00ad\u00e7ak\u00adly ta\u00adpa\u00adwut et\u00adme\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00e4\u00adze \u00fdyl ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adsy\u00adny be\u00adze\u00adme\u00adgi\u0148 \u00fd\u00f6\u00adrel\u00adge\u00adle\u00adri il\u00adki Ger\u00adma\u00adni\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda \u00fd\u00fc\u00adze \u00e7yk\u00ad\u00fdar. Mag\u00adlu\u00admat\u00adla\u00adra g\u00f6\u00adr\u00e4, \u015fe\u00fd\u00adle d\u00e4p\u00adler ne\u00admes sy\u00ad\u00fda\u00adsat\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adsy Mar\u00adtin L\u00fdu\u00adter (1483-1546) ta\u00adra\u00adpyn\u00addan ba\u00ad\u015fy ba\u015f\u00adla\u00adnyp\u00addyr. Mar\u00adtin L\u00fdu\u00adter 1513-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda Ro\u017e\u00addest\u00adwo ba\u00fd\u00adram\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adly\u00adgy\u00adny\u0148 \u00f6\u0148 \u00fda\u00adnyn\u00adda ag\u00ad\u015fam \u00e7a\u00adgy \u00f6\u00fd\u00fc\u00adne gel\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r\u00adk\u00e4, as\u00adman gi\u00ad\u0148i\u015f\u00adli\u00adgi\u00adni tu\u00adtup du\u00adran g\u00fcr \u00fdyl\u00addyz\u00adlar top\u00adlu\u00admy\u00adny\u0148 g\u00f6\u00adzel\u00adli\u00adgi\u00adne ha\u00fd\u00adran gal\u00ad\u00fdar. \u015eol gi\u00adje hat\u00adda \u00fdag\u00adty \u00fdyl\u00addyz\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 \u00f6w\u00fc\u015f\u00adgin\u00adle\u00adri ar\u00ad\u00e7a\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 i\u0148\u00ad\u0148e\u00adpi\u00adsint p\u00fcr\u00adle\u00adri\u00adne hem d\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcp, \u015f\u00f6h\u00adle\u00adlen\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26853,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26850"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26850"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26850\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/media\/26853"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26850"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26850"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26850"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}