i\u00adtap\u00adha\u00adna ba\u00adryp, is\u00adlen\u00addik ki\u00adta\u00adby al\u00admak is\u00adle\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n\u00addi\u00adgi\u00ad\u0148i\u00adzi a\u00fd\u00adda\u00adny\u00ad\u0148yz\u00adda, bir\u00adn\u00e4\u00ad\u00e7e mi\u00adnut\u00ady\u0148 dowamynda \u015fol ki\u00adta\u00adby si\u00adze ge\u00adti\u00adrip ber\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r\u00adler. E\u00fd\u00adsem, m\u00fc\u0148\u00adler\u00ad\u00e7e hat\u00adda mil\u00adli\u00adon\u00adlar\u00ad\u00e7a ki\u00adta\u00adby \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00adde jem\u00adle\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n ki\u00adtap\u00adha\u00adna\u00adlar\u00adda ki\u00adtap\u00adlar we be\u00fd\u00adle\u00adki eser\u00adler n\u00e4\u00adhi\u00adli ter\u00adtip\u00adde \u00fder\u00adle\u015f\u00addi\u00adril\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r\u00adk\u00e4?!
\nKi\u00adtap\u00adla\u00adry at\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna g\u00f6r\u00e4 elip\u00adbi\u00fd ter\u00adti\u00adbin\u00adde \u00fderle\u015fdirmek, aw\u00adtor\u00adla\u00adryna g\u00f6r\u00e4 to\u00adpar\u00adla\u00adra b\u00f6l\u00admek, mow\u00adzuk at\u00adla\u00adryna g\u00f6r\u00e4 b\u00f6l\u00admek \u00fda-da i\u0148 k\u00f6\u00adne ki\u00adtap\u00addan i\u0148 t\u00e4\u00adze ki\u00adta\u00adba b\u00f6l\u00admek m\u00fcm\u00adkin\u00addir. Eger \u015fah\u00adsy ki\u00adtap\u00adha\u00adna\u00ad\u0148yz\u00adda 400-500 t\u00f6\u00adwe\u00adre\u00adgi ki\u00adtap bar bol\u00adsa, bu usul\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 ha\u00fd\u00adsy\u00addyr bi\u00adrin\u00adden pe\u00fd\u00adda\u00adla\u00adnyp bi\u00adler\u00adsi\u00ad\u0148iz. Em\u00adma uly ki\u00adtap\u00adha\u00adna\u00adlar\u00adda has ba\u015f\u00adga\u00ad\u00e7a usul\u00adlar\u00addan pe\u00fd\u00adda\u00adlan\u00adyl\u00fdar. Ki\u00adtap\u00adha\u00adna\u00adlar\u00adda\u00adky eser\u00adle\u00adri a\u0148\u00adsat\u00adlyk bi\u00adlen tap\u00admak \u00fc\u00e7in d\u00fcr\u00adli klas\u00adsi\u00adfi\u00adka\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda we to\u00adpar\u00adla\u00ad\u00fdy\u015f ul\u00adgam\u00adla\u00adry ula\u00adnyl\u00ad\u00fdar. Adat\u00ad\u00e7a, ki\u00adtap\u00adha\u00adna\u00adlar\u00adda \u00fc\u00e7 ka\u00adta\u00adlog ul\u00adga\u00admyn\u00addan pe\u00fd\u00adda\u00adla\u00adnyl\u00ad\u00fdar:
\nD\u00fdu\u00ad\u00fdu\u0148 on\u00adluk klas\u00adsi\u00adfi\u00adka\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda ul\u00adga\u00admy
\nUmu\u00admy on\u00adluk klas\u00adsi\u00adfi\u00adka\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda ul\u00adga\u00admy
\nKong\u00adres ki\u00adtap\u00adha\u00adna\u00adsy\u00adny\u0148 ul\u00adga\u00admy
\nD\u00fdu\u00ad\u00fdu\u0148 on\u00adluk klas\u00adsi\u00adfi\u00adka\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda ul\u00adga\u00admyn\u00adda (DDC) ki\u00adtap\u00adla\u00adra sa\u00adtyn al\u00adnan wag\u00adty\u00adna g\u00f6\u00adr\u00e4 t\u00fc\u00adkel\u00adle\u00ad\u00fdi\u015f bel\u00adgi\u00adsi go\u00fdul\u00fdar. \u015ee\u00fd\u00adle\u00adlik\u00adde ki\u00adtap\u00adlar tek\u00adje\u00adler\u00add\u00e4\u00adki he\u00admi\u00ad\u015fe\u00adlik \u00fder\u00adle\u00adri\u00adne \u00fder\u00adle\u015f\u00addi\u00adril\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r\u00ad. Ame\u00adri\u00adkan ki\u00adtap\u00adha\u00adna\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adsy Mel\u00adwil D\u00fdu\u00fd ta\u00adra\u00adpyn\u00addan i\u015f\u00adle\u00adnip d\u00fc\u00adz\u00fc\u00adlen ul\u00adgam h\u00e4\u00adzir\u00adki wagt\u00adda hem gi\u0148\u00adden ula\u00adnyl\u00ad\u00fdar. Bu ul\u00adgam\u00adda bir-bi\u00adri bi\u00adlen ugur\u00adda\u015f te\u00adma de\u00adgi\u015f\u00adli bol\u00adma\u00addyk ki\u00adtap\u00adlar \u015fol bir tek\u00adje\u00adde dur\u00ad\u00fdar. Bu me\u00adse\u00adl\u00e4\u00adni \u00e7\u00f6z\u00admek \u00fc\u00e7in bol\u00adsa, ki\u00adtap\u00adlar esa\u00adsan \u015fe\u00fd\u00adle ugur\u00adla\u00adra b\u00f6\u00adl\u00fc\u00adnip\u00addir: 000-In\u00adfor\u00adma\u00adti\u00adka, in\u00adfor\u00adma\u00adti\u00adka umu\u00admy g\u00f6z\u00adleg\u00adler, 100-Fi\u00adlo\u00adso\u00adfi\u00ad\u00fda we psi\u00adho\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00ad\u00fda, 200-Din, 300-Jem\u00adgy\u00ad\u00fdet\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik ylym\u00adla\u00adry, 400-Dil, 500-Esa\u00adsy ylym\u00adlar, 600-Teh\u00adno\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00ad\u00fda, 700-Sun\u00adgat we d\u00f6\u00adre\u00addi\u00adji\u00adlik, 800-Ede\u00adbi\u00ad\u00fdat, 900-Ta\u00adryh we ge\u00adog\u00adra\u00adfi\u00ad\u00fda.
\nUmu\u00admy on\u00adluk klas\u00adsi\u00adfi\u00adka\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda ul\u00adga\u00admy
\n1895-nji \u00fdy\u00adla \u00e7en\u00adli ne\u00ad\u015fir edi\u00adlen \u00e4h\u00adli eser\u00adle\u00adri\u0148 bib\u00adli\u00adog\u00adra\u00adfi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adsy\u00adny ta\u00fd\u00ad\u00fdar\u00adla\u00admak is\u00adle\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n bel\u00adgi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adly Pol Ot\u00adlet we Hen\u00adri La Fon\u00adten klas\u00adsi\u00adfi\u00adka\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda et\u00adme\u00adgi\u0148 \u00fdol\u00adla\u00adry\u00adny \u00f6w\u00adren\u00addi\u00adler. So\u0148\u00adra bol\u00adsa, aw\u00adtor\u00adlyk hu\u00adku\u00adgy D\u00fdu\u00ad\u00fda de\u00adgi\u015f\u00adli bo\u00adlan ul\u00adgam\u00addan pe\u00fd\u00adda\u00adlan\u00admak \u00fc\u00e7in D\u00fdu\u00fd\u00addan rug\u00adsat al\u00ad\u00fdar\u00adlar. DDC at\u00adly bu ul\u00adga\u00admy has hem k\u00e4\u00admil\u00adle\u015f\u00addi\u00adrip, 1905-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda umu\u00admy bib\u00adli\u00adog\u00adra\u00adfi\u00ad\u00fda re\u00adper\u00adtua\u00adry ady bi\u00adlen ne\u00ad\u015fir ed\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r\u00adler. Ot\u00adlet we La Fon\u00adte\u00adni\u0148 bu ese\u00adri\u00adni\u0148 bi\u00adrin\u00adji ne\u00ad\u015fi\u00adri h\u00e4\u00adzir\u00adki wagt\u00adda in\u00adter\u00adnet ul\u00adga\u00admyn\u00adda pe\u00fd\u00adda\u00adla\u00adnyl\u00ad\u00fdan g\u00f6z\u00adleg ul\u00adga\u00admy\u00adny\u0148 hem esa\u00adsy ha\u00adsap\u00adlan\u00ad\u00fdar. \u015eol se\u00adb\u00e4p\u00adli \u00ddU\u00adNES\u00adKO-ny\u0148 B\u00fc\u00adtin\u00add\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4 mi\u00adra\u00adsy\u00adny\u0148 sa\u00adna\u00adwy\u00adna ka\u00adbul edil\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r.
\nKong\u00adres ki\u00adtap\u00adha\u00adna\u00adsy\u00adny\u0148 klas\u00adsi\u00adfi\u00adka\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adsy\u00adny\u0148 ul\u00adga\u00admy
\nBu ul\u00adgam (LCC) d\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4\u00adde DDC-den so\u0148 i\u0148 k\u00f6p ula\u00adnyl\u00ad\u00fdan klas\u00adsi\u00adfi\u00adka\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda ul\u00adga\u00admy ha\u00adsap\u00adlan\u00ad\u00fdar. 1897-nji \u00fdylda AB\u015e Kong\u00adres ki\u00adtap\u00adha\u00adna\u00adsyn\u00adda i\u015f\u00adle\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n Her\u00adbert Put\u00adnam ta\u00adra\u00adpyn\u00addan i\u015f\u00adle\u00adnip d\u00fc\u00adz\u00fc\u00adlen bu ul\u00adgam\u00adda esa\u00adsy s\u00f6z\u00adba\u00ad\u015fy\u00adlar elip\u00adbi\u00fd\u00add\u00e4\u00adki harp\u00adla\u00adra g\u00f6\u00adr\u00e4 b\u00f6\u00adl\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015ee\u00fd\u00adle\u00adlik\u00adde, bu ul\u00adgam A-Umu\u00admy mag\u00adlu\u00admat\u00adlar, B-Fi\u00adlo\u00adso\u00adfi\u00ad\u00fda, psi\u00adho\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00ad\u00fda, din, C-Ta\u00adryh\u00adda k\u00f6\u00admek\u00ad\u00e7i ylym, D-D\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4 ta\u00adry\u00adhy \u00fda\u00adly do\u00adwam ed\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Bu ul\u00adga\u00adma il\u00adki\u00adba\u015f\u00adda i\u0148\u00adlis di\u00adli\u00adni\u0148 elip\u00adbi\u00ad\u00fdin\u00add\u00e4\u00adki I,O,W we Y harp\u00adla\u00adry gi\u00adri\u00adzil\u00adm\u00e4n\u00addir. Bu harp\u00adlar ha\u00fd\u00adsy\u00addyr bir mow\u00adzuk ady bol\u00adma\u00addyk eser\u00adle\u00adre t\u00e4\u00adze at ber\u00admek \u00fc\u00e7in bo\u015f go\u00fd\u00adlup\u00addyr. Bu ul\u00adgam\u00adda harp\u00adlar hem-de san\u00adlar ki\u00adta\u00adby\u0148 maz\u00admu\u00adny ba\u00adra\u00adda mag\u00adlu\u00admat ber\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Siz hem \u00fdo\u00adkar\u00adda\u00adky klas\u00adsi\u00adfi\u00adka\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda ul\u00adgam\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna la\u00ad\u00fdyk\u00adlyk\u00adda \u015fah\u00adsy ki\u00adtap\u00adha\u00adna\u00adda\u00adky ki\u00adtap\u00adla\u00adry ka\u00adta\u00adlog\u00adla\u015f\u00addy\u00adryp, tek\u00adje\u00adler\u00adde \u00fder\u00adle\u015f\u00addi\u00adrip bi\u00adler\u00adsi\u00ad\u0148iz.
\nMer\u00adjen Ata\u00adgar\u00adry\u00ad\u00fde\u00adwa,
\nHal\u00adka\u00adra yn\u00adsan\u00adper\u00adwer ylym\u00adla\u00adry we \u00f6s\u00fc\u015f
\nuni\u00adwer\u00adsi\u00adte\u00adti\u00adni\u0148 \u017eur\u00adna\u00adlis\u00adti\u00adka h\u00fc\u00adn\u00e4\u00adri\u00adni\u0148 ta\u00adly\u00adby.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
i\u00adtap\u00adha\u00adna ba\u00adryp, is\u00adlen\u00addik ki\u00adta\u00adby al\u00admak is\u00adle\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n\u00addi\u00adgi\u00ad\u0148i\u00adzi a\u00fd\u00adda\u00adny\u00ad\u0148yz\u00adda, bir\u00adn\u00e4\u00ad\u00e7e mi\u00adnut\u00ady\u0148 dowamynda \u015fol ki\u00adta\u00adby si\u00adze ge\u00adti\u00adrip ber\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r\u00adler. E\u00fd\u00adsem, m\u00fc\u0148\u00adler\u00ad\u00e7e hat\u00adda mil\u00adli\u00adon\u00adlar\u00ad\u00e7a ki\u00adta\u00adby \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00adde jem\u00adle\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n ki\u00adtap\u00adha\u00adna\u00adlar\u00adda ki\u00adtap\u00adlar we be\u00fd\u00adle\u00adki eser\u00adler n\u00e4\u00adhi\u00adli ter\u00adtip\u00adde \u00fder\u00adle\u015f\u00addi\u00adril\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r\u00adk\u00e4?! Ki\u00adtap\u00adla\u00adry at\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna g\u00f6r\u00e4 elip\u00adbi\u00fd ter\u00adti\u00adbin\u00adde \u00fderle\u015fdirmek, aw\u00adtor\u00adla\u00adryna g\u00f6r\u00e4 to\u00adpar\u00adla\u00adra b\u00f6l\u00admek, mow\u00adzuk at\u00adla\u00adryna g\u00f6r\u00e4 b\u00f6l\u00admek \u00fda-da i\u0148 k\u00f6\u00adne ki\u00adtap\u00addan i\u0148 t\u00e4\u00adze ki\u00adta\u00adba b\u00f6l\u00admek m\u00fcm\u00adkin\u00addir. Eger \u015fah\u00adsy […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31444,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[301],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31441"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31441"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31441\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/media\/31444"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31441"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31441"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31441"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}