Orta Azi\u00fda, Kawkaz, \u00ddakyn G\u00fcndogar halklarynda m\u00fc\u0148\u00fdyllyklardan b\u00e4ri bellenil\u00fd\u00e4n gadymy ba\u00fdramlary\u0148 biri Nowruzdyr. Pars dilinden terjime edeni\u0148de \u201cT\u00e4ze g\u00fcn\u201d di\u00fden manyny ber\u00fd\u00e4n bu ba\u00fdram t\u00fcrkmen halkyny\u0148 milli mirasyna, d\u00e4bine-dessuryna si\u0148en we d\u00f6wlet derejesinde \u00f6z ornuny alan \u015fanly seneleri\u0148 biridir. Nowruz ba\u00fdramyny\u0148 bellenil\u00fd\u00e4n g\u00fcnlerinde onu\u0148 taryhyny \u00f6wrenmek \u00fderliklidir. Nowruz ba\u00fdramyny\u0148 taryhy Abu Re\u00fdhan Birunyny\u0148 (XI asyr), Abylkasym Ferd\u00f6wsini\u0148 (XI asyr), Omar Ha\u00fd\u00fdamy\u0148 (XI-XII asyr), Abdyrahman Jamyny\u0148 (XV asyr), Aly\u015fir Nowa\u00fdyny\u0148 (XV asyr) we be\u00fdleki G\u00fcndogar akyldarlaryny\u0148 eserlerinde, nusgawy edebi\u00fdatymyzy\u0148 g\u00f6rn\u00fckli wekillerini\u0148 d\u00f6redijiliginde, t\u00fcrkmen dessanlarynda, gyz-gelinleri\u0148 l\u00e4lelerinde we monjugatdylarynda, nakyllarda we matallarda, halk yrymlarynda \u00f6z be\u00fdanyny tapypdyr.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcndogar halklarynda me\u015fhur bolan Nowruz ba\u00fdramyny\u0148 taryhy, d\u00e4p-dessurlary, onu\u0148 bilen bagly rowa\u00fdatlary barada maglumat ber\u00fd\u00e4n gymmatly taryhy \u00e7e\u015fme Abu Re\u00fdhan Birunyny\u0148 (973-1048 \u00fd.\u00fd.) \u201c\u00d6ten nesillerden galan \u00fdadyg\u00e4rlik\u201d (Hronologi\u00fda) atly ensiklopedik eseridir. Biruny milady \u00fdyl hasabyny\u0148 1000-nji \u00fdylynda bu kitaby \u00fdazyp gutarypdyr. Biruny eserini\u0148 gadymy halklary\u0148 ba\u00fdram\u00e7ylyklaryna bagy\u015flanan babynda \u201cNowruz \u00fda\u015fa\u00fd\u015fy\u0148 ba\u015flangyjy we d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4ni\u0148 \u00fdaradylan g\u00fcn\u00fcdir\u201d di\u00fdip nygtapdyr. Biruny \u015fe\u00fdle di\u00fdmek bilen, Nowruz g\u00fcn\u00fcnde pelegi\u0148 a\u00fdlanmaga ba\u015flap, \u00e4hli jisimleri\u0148, \u00fdyldyzlary\u0148, G\u00fcn\u00fc\u0148 \u00fdaradylandygyny we herekete getirilendigini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndiripdir. Birunyny\u0148 \u00fda\u015fan zamanasynda Nowruz ba\u00fdramy ferwerdin a\u00fdyny\u0148 ilkinji g\u00fcni, h\u00e4zirki hasap bo\u00fdun\u00e7a 21-nji martda bellenipdir. Nowruz alty g\u00fcn bellenipdir. Ba\u00fdram\u00e7ylygy\u0148 altynjy g\u00fcn\u00fcne \u201cUly Nowruz\u201d \u00fda-da \u201cUmytlar g\u00fcni\u201d di\u00fdipdirler. Birunyny\u0148 \u00fdazmagyna g\u00f6r\u00e4, Nowruz g\u00fcn\u00fcni\u0148 ir s\u00e4heri i\u0148 bagtly, \u015fowly pursatlar hasaplanypdyr. \u201cNowruz g\u00fcni s\u00e4her bilen \u00fdeke agyz s\u00f6z a\u00fdtman, ilki bilen \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7em\u00e7e ary bal i\u00fdse\u0148 \u00e4hli derdi-bela\u0148dan dyn\u00fdarmy\u015fy\u0148\u201d di\u00fdip Birunyny\u0148 d\u00f6wr\u00fcnde tebipler yrym edipdirler. Nowruzy\u0148 h\u00e4zirki wagta \u00e7enli saklanyp galan gadymy d\u00e4plerini\u0148 biri hi\u0148\u0148ildik u\u00e7makdyr. Biruny bu d\u00e4bi\u0148 ba\u015flangyjyny\u0148 ady rowa\u00fdata \u00f6wr\u00fclen Jem\u015fit \u015fadan g\u00f6zba\u015f al\u00fdandygyny a\u00fddypdyr. Bir g\u00fcn h\u00f6k\u00fcmdar Jem\u015fit \u00f6zi \u00fc\u00e7in araba \u00fdasanypdyr. Ol ilkinji gezek \u015fol araba Nowruz g\u00fcni m\u00fcn\u00fcpdir. Peri\u015fdeler ony bir salymy\u0148 i\u00e7inde Dunbawend dagyndan Wawilona u\u00e7urypdyrlar. \u015eondan so\u0148 adamlar Nowruzda Jem\u015fide \u00f6\u00fdk\u00fcnip, hi\u0148\u0148ildikde u\u00e7up ba\u015flapdyrlar. Birunyny\u0148 \u00fda\u015fan d\u00f6wr\u00fcnde Nowruz g\u00fcni \u00fdere suw sepmek we birek-birege sowgat etmek d\u00e4bi bolupdyr. Bu d\u00e4bi\u0148 gelip \u00e7yky\u015fy barada Biruny gyzykly maglumatlary galdyrypdyr. Birunyny\u0148 ilde\u015fi Mahmyt Zamah\u015faryny\u0148 \u201c\u00ddag\u015fyzadalary\u0148 bahary\u201d atly kitabynda Nowruzda sowgat bermek d\u00e4bine degi\u015fli \u015fe\u00fdle waka be\u00fdan edilipdir: \u201cIbn Apbasdan: Nowruz n\u00e4me \u00fc\u00e7in ba\u00fdram\u00e7ylyk edilip bellen\u00fd\u00e4r \u2013 di\u00fdip sorapdyrlar. Onda ol: Seb\u00e4bi ol t\u00e4ze \u00fdyly\u0148 ba\u015f g\u00fcni, k\u00f6ne \u00fdyly\u0148 hem i\u0148 so\u0148ky g\u00fcn\u00fcdir. Bu g\u00fcnde h\u00f6k\u00fcmdarlara ge\u0148-ena\u00fdy zatlary we sowgatlary h\u00f6d\u00fcrle\u00fd\u00e4rler. H\u00f6k\u00fcmdar da\u015fardan gel\u00fd\u00e4nlerden \u015feker-gant kabul ed\u00fd\u00e4r \u2013 di\u00fdipdir.\u201d<\/p>\n
Birunyny\u0148 \u00fda\u015fan d\u00f6wr\u00fcnde (X-XI asyr) Nowruz ba\u00fdramyny\u0148 bellenil\u00fd\u00e4n g\u00fcnleri go\u015fun ba\u00fdram\u00e7ylyk nyzamyna d\u00fcz\u00fclipdir, olary\u0148 \u00fdazky g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irili\u015fi bolupdyr. H\u00f6k\u00fcmdar ba\u00fdram\u00e7ylyk mynasybetli \u00f6z esgerlerini t\u00e4ze egin-e\u015fik bilen sylaglapdyr. Nowruz ba\u00fdramyny\u0148 bellenil\u00fd\u00e4n g\u00fcnleri k\u00f6\u015fkde uly dabaralar ge\u00e7irilipdir. K\u00f6\u015fg\u00fc\u0148 gapylary \u00e4hli gatlagy\u0148 wekilleri \u00fc\u00e7in gi\u0148den a\u00e7ylypdyr. Ba\u00fdramy\u0148 ilkinji g\u00fcni h\u00f6k\u00fcmdar \u00fd\u00f6neke\u00fd halk k\u00f6p\u00e7\u00fcligi \u00fc\u00e7in kabul edi\u015flik gurapdyr. \u00dd\u00f6rite me\u00fddan\u00e7ada tagt oturdylypdyr. H\u00f6k\u00fcmdar halk k\u00f6p\u00e7\u00fcligini \u00f6zi bilen de\u0148 g\u00f6r\u00fcpdir, geple\u015fipdir, arz-\u015fika\u00fdatyny, arzuw-isleglerini di\u0148l\u00e4pdir we \u00fderine \u00fdetiripdir. \u00d6z nobatynda ra\u00fdatlaram \u00f6z h\u00f6k\u00fcmdaryna ba\u00fdram\u00e7ylyk sowgatlaryny beripdirler. Ba\u00fdram\u00e7ylygy\u0148 galan g\u00fcnlerinde h\u00f6k\u00fcmdar han-begleri\u0148, ruhanylary\u0148, dogan-garynda\u015flaryny\u0148, ogullaryny\u0148 arzuw-isleglerini mynasybyna g\u00f6r\u00e4 berja\u00fd edipdir. Bazar me\u00fddan\u00e7asynda \u015fahyrlar \u00f6z kasydalaryny okapdyr, a\u00fddym\u00e7ylar bolsa d\u00fcrli saz gurallarda saz \u00e7alyp, a\u00fddym a\u00fddypdyrlar. \u00dderi gelende bellesek, G\u00fcndogary\u0148 g\u00f6rn\u00fckli alymy Abu Re\u00fdhan Biruny \u00fdylda iki gezek dyn\u00e7 alypdyr. \u015eol dyn\u00e7 alyn\u00fdan g\u00fcnleri\u0148 biri Nowruz ba\u00fdramy bolupdyr.<\/p>\n
XV asyry\u0148 g\u00f6rn\u00fckli s\u00f6z ussady Abdyrahman Jamyny\u0148 \u201cBaharystan\u201d atly eserinde Anu\u015firwan Adyly\u0148 d\u00f6wr\u00fcnde Sasanylar k\u00f6\u015fg\u00fcnde Nowruz ba\u00fdramyny\u0148 dabaralany\u015fy barada \u015fe\u00fdle maglumat beril\u00fd\u00e4r: \u201cBir gezek Now\u015firwan Nowruz g\u00fcn\u00fcnde me\u00fdlis gurapdyr. Birden Now\u015firwan me\u00fdlisde oturan garynda\u015flaryny\u0148 birini\u0148 goltugynda altyn py\u00fdalany gizlemek\u00e7i bol\u00fdanyny g\u00f6rdi. Paty\u015fa ony g\u00f6rmediksir\u00e4n boldy we hi\u00e7 kime hi\u00e7 zat a\u00fdtmady. Oturyly\u015fyk ahyrlap, tamam bolanda sak\u00e7y:\u2013 Go\u00fd, hi\u00e7 kim da\u015fary \u00e7ykmasyn, bir altyn py\u00fdala \u00fditdi, men ony tapmak isle\u00fd\u00e4rin \u2013 di\u00fddi.<\/p>\n
Now\u015firwan o\u0148a:<\/p>\n
\u2013 Go\u00fd\u2013 di\u00fddi. – Ony alan adam yzyna bermez, ony g\u00f6renem onu\u0148 kimdigini a\u00fdtmaz.<\/p>\n
… Birn\u00e4\u00e7e g\u00fcn ge\u00e7enden so\u0148, \u015fol adam Now\u015firwany\u0148 huzuryna gelipdir. Onu\u0148 egninde t\u00e4ze don, a\u00fdagynda hem t\u00e4ze \u00e4dik bar eken.<\/p>\n
Now\u015firwan onu\u0148 t\u00e4ze donuna \u00fcml\u00e4p:<\/p>\n
\u2013 Bu \u015fondanmy? \u2013 di\u00fdip sorady.<\/p>\n
Ol adam donuny\u0148 etegini galdyryp, \u00e4digini hem g\u00f6rkezdi-de:<\/p>\n
\u2013 Bu hem \u015fondandyr! \u2013 di\u00fddi.<\/p>\n
Now\u015firwan g\u00fcldi-de, onu\u0148 py\u00fdalany garyplygy\u0148 we \u00fdetmez\u00e7iligi\u0148 netijesinde ogurlandygyna d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndi we o\u0148a m\u00fc\u0148 mysgal (mysgal \u2013 agramy 4,8 grama de\u0148 bolan \u00f6l\u00e7eg birligi) altyn bermek hakynda perman berdi.\u201d<\/p>\n
IX asyrda \u00fda\u015fap ge\u00e7en Musa ibn Isa al-Kysrawyny\u0148 \u201cKitab al-mahasin al-addad\u201d kitabynda Nowruz ba\u00fdramynda k\u00f6\u015fkde \u00fderine \u00fdetirilen d\u00e4pler barada gyzykly maglumatlar be\u00fdan edilipdir. S\u00f6z\u00fcmiz gurak bolmaz \u00fdaly \u015folary\u0148 k\u00e4biri bilen tany\u015f bolaly\u0148! Nowruz ba\u00fdramyny\u0148 her g\u00fcni ir s\u00e4her bilen ak re\u0148kli la\u00e7yn gu\u015funy u\u00e7urypdyrlar. G\u00fcn\u00fc\u0148 ilkinji \u015f\u00f6hlesini\u0148 g\u00f6r\u00fcnmegi bilen h\u00f6k\u00fcmdara k\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f k\u00e4sede s\u00fc\u00fdt, hurma we t\u00e4ze pe\u00fdnir h\u00f6d\u00fcrl\u00e4pdirler. Nowruz g\u00fcn\u00fcni \u015fol nygmatlar bilen ba\u015flamak \u015fowlulyk hasaplanypdyr. Nowruza \u00fdigrimi b\u00e4\u015f g\u00fcn galanynda k\u00f6\u015fkde \u00e7ig kerpi\u00e7lerden on iki sany s\u00fct\u00fcn galdyrylypdyr. Ol s\u00fct\u00fcnlerde bugda\u00fd, arpa, b\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00e7, merjimek, no\u00fdba, dary, \u00e7owdary, nohut, k\u00fcnji, mekgej\u00f6wen, s\u00fcle \u00fdaly d\u00e4neli ekinleri ekipdirler. D\u00e4ne \u00f6s\u00fcntgilerini \u00fdygnamak Nowruz ba\u00fdramyny\u0148 altynjy g\u00fcni ba\u015flanypdyr we ol elmydama a\u00fddym-saz, d\u00fcrli o\u00fdunlar bilen utga\u015fdyrylypdyr. \u00d6s\u00fcmlikleri\u0148 ha\u00fdsysy o\u0148at \u00f6s\u00fc\u015f berse, t\u00e4ze \u00fdylda onu\u0148 hasyly gowy bolar di\u00fdip yrym edipdirler. H\u00f6k\u00fcmdar on iki sany d\u00e4neli ekini\u0148 i\u00e7inden bugda\u00fd bilen arpany\u0148 \u00f6s\u00fc\u015fine a\u00fdratyn \u00e4hmi\u00fdet beripdir.<\/p>\n
Halkara jemgy\u00fdet\u00e7iligini\u0148 de\u0148hukukly agzasy bolan \u00fdurdumyzda Nowruz ba\u00fdramy gi\u0148den bellenil\u00fd\u00e4r. 2008-nji \u00fdyldan ba\u015flap, hormatly Prezidentimizi\u0148 \u00fd\u00f6rite Karary bilen \u00fdurdumyzda Nowruz ba\u00fdramy iki g\u00fcnl\u00e4p bellenilip, o\u0148a \u201cMilli bahar ba\u00fdramy\u201d di\u00fdlip at berildi.<\/p>\n
Gara\u015fsyz, Bitarap T\u00fcrkmenistan d\u00f6wletimizi\u0148 tagallasy bilen Nowruz ba\u00fdramy halkara hukuk derejesine e\u00fde boldy. 2009-njy \u00fdyly\u0148 30-njy sent\u00fdabrynda 24 d\u00f6wleti\u0148 goldamagynda Nowruz ba\u00fdramy \u00ddUNESKO-ny\u0148 Adamzady\u0148 maddy d\u00e4l medeni mirasyny\u0148 sanawyna girizildi. T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148, T\u00fcrki\u00fd\u00e4ni\u0148, Azerba\u00fdjany\u0148, \u00d6zbegistany\u0148, Gazagystany\u0148, Gyrgyzystany\u0148, Owganystany\u0148, E\u00fdrany\u0148, T\u00e4jigistany\u0148 hyzmatda\u015flygy we teklip etmegi netijesinde 2010-njy \u00fdyly\u0148 19-njy fewralynda BMG-ni\u0148 Ba\u015f Assamble\u00fdasyny\u0148 64-nji mejlisinde her \u00fdyly\u0148 21-nji martyny Halkara Nowruz g\u00fcni di\u00fdip yglan etmek barada \u00fd\u00f6rite Rezol\u00fdusi\u00fda kabul edildi. T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 Prezidentini\u0148 karary bilen 2013-nji \u00fdyly\u0148 21-nji martynda T\u00fcrkmenistanda Nowruz ba\u00fdramy Halkara derejesinde bellenip ge\u00e7ildi we bu d\u00e4p h\u00e4zirki wagtda dowam etdiril\u00fd\u00e4r. 2016-njy \u00fdyly\u0148 30-njy no\u00fdabrynda Nowruz ba\u00fdramyny\u0148 d\u00e4p-dessurlary \u00ddUNESKO-ny\u0148 maddy d\u00e4l medeni mirasyny\u0148 sanawyny\u0148 \u00fcst\u00fcni \u00fdetirdi.<\/p>\n
Arzuwlary\u0148 hasyl bol\u00fdan \u00fclkesi T\u00fcrkmenistan d\u00f6wletinde, \u201cT\u00fcrkmenistan \u2013 parahat\u00e7ylygy\u0148 we ynany\u015fmagy\u0148 Watany\u201d \u00fdylynda bellenil\u00fd\u00e4n \u201cMilli bahar ba\u00fdramy\u201d gutly bolsun!<\/p>\n
L\u00e4le <\/strong>ALLABERDI\u00ddEWA, <\/strong><\/p>\n H<\/strong>. <\/strong>Der\u00fda\u00fdew <\/strong>adyndaky Mugallym\u00e7ylyk mekdebini\u0148 <\/strong>taryh mugallymy.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Orta Azi\u00fda, Kawkaz, \u00ddakyn G\u00fcndogar halklarynda m\u00fc\u0148\u00fdyllyklardan b\u00e4ri bellenil\u00fd\u00e4n gadymy ba\u00fdramlary\u0148 biri Nowruzdyr. Pars dilinden terjime edeni\u0148de \u201cT\u00e4ze g\u00fcn\u201d di\u00fden manyny ber\u00fd\u00e4n bu ba\u00fdram t\u00fcrkmen halkyny\u0148 milli mirasyna, d\u00e4bine-dessuryna si\u0148en we d\u00f6wlet derejesinde \u00f6z ornuny alan \u015fanly seneleri\u0148 biridir. Nowruz ba\u00fdramyny\u0148 bellenil\u00fd\u00e4n g\u00fcnlerinde onu\u0148 taryhyny \u00f6wrenmek \u00fderliklidir. Nowruz ba\u00fdramyny\u0148 taryhy Abu Re\u00fdhan Birunyny\u0148 (XI asyr), […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40686,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40685"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40685"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40685\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/media\/40686"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40685"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40685"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40685"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}