Ne\u00admes ro\u00adman\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adsy, \u015fa\u00adhy\u00adry, tan\u00adkyt\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adsy, je\u00adma\u00adgat\u00ad\u015fy\u00adna\u00adsy Ger\u00adman Ges\u00adse 1877-nji \u00fdy\u00adly\u0148 2-nji i\u00fdu\u00adlyn\u00adda Germani\u00fdany\u0148 Kalw \u015f\u00e4herinde yla\u00adhy eser\u00adle\u00adri ne\u00ad\u015fir ed\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n, yla\u00adhy\u00ad\u00fdet\u00ad\u00e7ini\u0148 ma\u015f\u00adga\u00adlasyn\u00adda d\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4 in\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. \u00dda\u00adzy\u00adjy\u00adny\u0148 eje\u00adsi Ma\u00adri\u00ad\u00fda Gun\u00addert Ges\u00adse dil\u00ad\u00e7i bo\u00adlup, uzak wagt\u00adlap Hin\u00addis\u00adtan\u00adda \u00fda\u00ad\u015fa\u00ad\u00fdar hem-de dul ga\u00adlan\u00addan so\u0148\u00adra Ges\u00adse\u00adni\u0148 ka\u00adka\u00adsy\u00adna dur\u00admu\u00ad\u015fa \u00e7yk\u00ad\u00fdar. \u00dda\u00adzy\u00adjy\u00adny\u0148 ka\u00adka\u00adsy Io\u00adhan\u00adnes Ges\u00adse, \u00f6z wag\u00adtyn\u00adda Hin\u00addis\u00adtan\u00adda mis\u00adsio\u00adner\u00adlik i\u015fi bi\u00adlen me\u015f\u00adgul\u00adlan\u00ad\u00fdan eken.
\n1880-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda ma\u015f\u00adga\u00adla Ba\u00adze\u00adle g\u00f6\u00e7\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r, Ges\u00adse\u00adni\u0148 ka\u00adka\u00adsy ol \u00fder\u00adde 1886-njy \u00fdyla \u00e7enli mu\u00adgal\u00adlym\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adlyk edip, \u00fdene-de Kal\u00adwe dolan\u00fdar. Ges\u00adse \u00e7a\u00adga\u00adlyk\u00adda \u015fa\u00adhyr bol\u00adma\u00adgy ar\u00adzuw et\u00adse-de, ata-ene\u00adsi onu\u0148 ma\u015f\u00adga\u00adla des\u00adsur\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna e\u00fder\u00adme\u00adgi\u00adni is\u00adl\u00e4p, yla\u00adhy\u00ad\u00fdet\u00ad\u00e7i bol\u00adma\u00adga ta\u00fd\u00ad\u00fdar\u00adla\u00ad\u00fdar. Ol ata-enesini\u0148 is\u00adleg\u00adle\u00adri\u00adne e\u00fderip, 1890-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda G\u00fdop\u00adpin\u00adgen\u00add\u00e4\u00adki La\u00adtyn mek\u00adde\u00adbi\u00adne oku\u00adwa gir\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r, so\u0148\u00adky \u00fdyl bol\u00adsa, Maulb\u00adronn\u00adda\u00adky pro\u00adtes\u00adtant mek\u00adde\u00adbi\u00adne ge\u00e7\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Og\u00adlan\u00adjy\u00adgy\u0148 yh\u00adla\u00adsy\u00adna ga\u00adra\u00admaz\u00addan, yla\u00adhy\u00ad\u00fdet\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik ug\u00adrun\u00addan eden ta\u00adgal\u00adla\u00adla\u00adry \u015fowsuz bol\u00ad\u00fdar.
\n\u00ddet\u00adgin\u00adjek bir\u00adn\u00e4\u00ad\u00e7e wagt\u00adlap ka\u00adka\u00adsy\u00adny\u0148 \u00e7ap\u00adha\u00adna\u00adsyn\u00adda i\u015f\u00adle\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r, so\u0148\u00adra bol\u00adsa, bir\u00adn\u00e4\u00ad\u00e7e ge\u00adzek h\u00fc\u00adn\u00e4\u00adri\u00adni \u00e7al\u00ad\u015fyp, i\u0148 so\u00ad\u0148un\u00adda 1895-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda T\u00fdu\u00adbin\u00adgen\u00adde ki\u00adtap sa\u00adty\u00adjy bo\u00adlup i\u015fe dur\u00ad\u00fdar. Bu \u00fder\u00adde o\u0148a oka\u00adma\u00adga o\u0148a\u00fd\u00adly m\u00fcm\u00adkin\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik d\u00f6\u00adre\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Ol esa\u00adsan hem, G\u00fdo\u00adte\u00adni\u0148 d\u00f6\u00adre\u00addi\u00adji\u00adli\u00adgi we ne\u00admes ro\u00adman\u00adti\u00adka\u00adsy bi\u00adlen gy\u00adzyk\u00adla\u00adnyp, \u00f6z bi\u00adli\u00admi\u00adni art\u00addyr\u00ad\u00fdar.
\nOl 1899-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda \u201cKi\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adjik gur\u00adnak\u201d at\u00adly ede\u00adbi\u00ad\u00fdat jem\u00adgy\u00ad\u00fde\u00adti\u00adne oku\u00adwa gir\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r we \u00f6z\u00fc\u00adni\u0148 il\u00adkin\u00adji ki\u00adtaplaryny ne\u00ad\u015fir et\u00addir\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Ol \u201cRo\u00adman\u00adtik a\u00fd\u00addym\u00adlar\u201d at\u00adly go\u015f\u00adgu\u00adlar \u00fdy\u00adgyn\u00addy\u00adsy\u00adny we \u201c\u00dda\u00adry\u00adgi\u00adje\u00adden so\u0148\u00adky sa\u00adgat\u201d at\u00adly gys\u00adga he\u00adka\u00ad\u00fda\u00adlar\u00addan we kys\u00adsa bi\u00adlen \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adlan go\u015f\u00adgu\u00adlar\u00addan yba\u00adrat ki\u00adta\u00adby\u00adny ne\u00ad\u015fir et\u00addir\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Ol \u015fol \u00fdyl Ba\u00adzel\u00adde ki\u00adtap sa\u00adty\u00adjy\u00adsy bo\u00adlup i\u015fe dur\u00ad\u00fdar. Ges\u00adse\u00adni\u0148 \u201cGer\u00adman Lau\u00ad\u015fe\u00adri\u0148 eser\u00adle\u00adri we \u015fy\u00adgyr\u00adla\u00adry\u201d atly birinji romany 1901-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda \u00e7ap edil\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r, em\u00adma ede\u00adbi\u00ad\u00fdat \u00fcs\u00adt\u00fcn\u00adli\u00adgi \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adja di\u00ad\u0148e \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fdyl\u00addan so\u0148, ha\u00ad\u00e7an-da onu\u0148 \u201cPe\u00adter Ka\u00admen\u00adsind\u201d di\u00ad\u00fden ikinji ro\u00adma\u00adny \u00e7y\u00adkan\u00addan so\u0148 gel\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. So\u0148\u00adra Ger\u00adman Ges\u00adse i\u015fi\u00adni go\u00ad\u00fdup, oba gid\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r we di\u00ad\u0148e \u00f6z eser\u00adle\u00adrin\u00adden gel\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n gir\u00adde\u00adji\u00adni\u0148 ha\u00adsa\u00adby\u00adna \u00fda\u00ad\u015fa\u00ad\u00fdar. Ol 1904-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda Ma\u00adri\u00ad\u00fda Ber\u00adnu\u00ad\u00fda \u00f6\u00fd\u00adlen\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r we ola\u00adry\u0148 \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7a\u00adga\u00adsy bol\u00ad\u00fdar. \u00dda\u00adzy\u00adjy\u00adny\u0148 \u201cPe\u00adter Ka\u00admen\u00adsind\u201d we be\u00fd\u00adle\u00adki eser\u00adle\u00adri aw\u00adto\u00adbi\u00adog\u00adra\u00adfik h\u00e4\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fde\u00adte e\u00fde. Bu \u00fder\u00adde Ges\u00adse eser\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni\u0148 \u00e4h\u00adli\u00adsi\u00adni di\u00ad\u00fden \u00fda\u00adly s\u00f6\u00fd\u00adg\u00fc\u00adli mow\u00adzu\u00adgy\u00adna \u2013 \u015fah\u00adsy\u00ad\u00fde\u00adti\u0148 \u00f6z\u00fc\u00adni k\u00e4\u00admil\u00adle\u015f\u00addir\u00adme\u00adgi\u0148 \u00fdo\u00adlun\u00adda\u00adky ta\u00adgal\u00adla\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna ba\u00adgy\u015f\u00adla\u00ad\u00fdar. Ol 1906-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda \u00f6z\u00fc\u00adni\u0148 mek\u00addep \u00fdyl\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna, \u015fe\u00fd\u00adle hem, bur\u00ad\u017eu\u00adaz jem\u00adgy\u00ad\u00fde\u00adti\u0148 d\u00f6\u00adre\u00addi\u00adji\u00adlik adam\u00adla\u00adry\u00adny\u0148 me\u00adse\u00adle\u00adle\u00adri\u00adne ba\u00adgy\u015f\u00adla\u00adnan \u201c\u00c7arh as\u00adtyn\u00adda\u201d di\u00ad\u00fden po\u00adwes\u00adti\u00adni \u00fdaz\u00ad\u00fdar. \u015eol \u00fdyl\u00adlar Ges\u00adse d\u00fcr\u00adli d\u00f6\u00adw\u00fcr\u00adle\u00ad\u00fdin ne\u00ad\u015fir\u00ad\u00fdat\u00adlar\u00adda k\u00f6p\u00adsan\u00adly o\u00e7erk\u00adle\u00adri, es\u00adse\u00adle\u00adri \u00fdaz\u00ad\u00fdar we 1912-nji \u00fdy\u00adla \u00e7en\u00adli \u201cMart\u201d \u017eur\u00adna\u00adlyn\u00adda re\u00addak\u00adtor bo\u00adlup i\u015f\u00adle\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. 1910-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda onu\u0148 \u201cGert\u00adrud\u201d at\u00adly ro\u00adma\u00adny ne\u00ad\u015fir edil\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r, so\u0148\u00adky \u00fdyl bol\u00adsa, Ges\u00adse Hin\u00addis\u00adta\u00adna sy\u00ad\u00fda\u00adha\u00adta ug\u00adra\u00ad\u00fdar we ol \u00fder\u00adden ge\u00adle\u00adnin\u00adden so\u0148\u00adra, 1913-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda \u201cHin\u00addis\u00adtan\u00addan\u201d at\u00adly he\u00adka\u00ad\u00fda\u00adlar, o\u00e7erk\u00adler we \u015fy\u00adgyr\u00adlar \u00fdy\u00adgyn\u00addy\u00adsy\u00adny \u00e7y\u00adkar\u00ad\u00fdar. 1914-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda bol\u00adsa, onu\u0148 \u201cRos\u00adhal\u00adde\u201d at\u00adly ese\u00adri ne\u00ad\u015fir edil\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r.
\n1912-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda Ger\u00adman Ges\u00adse we onu\u0148 ma\u015f\u00adga\u00adla\u00adsy \u015ewe\u00fd\u00adsa\u00adri\u00ad\u00fda ymykly g\u00f6\u00e7\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r we 1923-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda \u015fwe\u00fd\u00adsar ra\u00ad\u00fdat\u00adly\u00adgy\u00adny al\u00ad\u00fdar. Onu\u0148 1916-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda og\u00adlu\u00adny\u0148, ru\u00adhy ke\u00adsel\u00adli a\u00fda\u00adly\u00adny\u0148 sag\u00adly\u00adgy\u00adny\u0148 \u00fda\u00adra\u00admaz\u00adla\u015f\u00adma\u00adgy hem-de ka\u00adka\u00adsy\u00adny\u0148 ara\u00addan \u00e7yk\u00adma\u00adgy ze\u00adrar\u00adly \u00f6z ru\u00adhy sag\u00adly\u00adgy\u00adna hem bel\u00adli bir de\u00adre\u00adje\u00adde ze\u00adper \u00fdet\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Ol 1919-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda \u201cDe\u00admi\u00adan\u201d ro\u00adma\u00adny\u00adny \u00fda\u00adzyp, ony Emil Sink\u00adler ta\u00adhal\u00adlu\u00adsy bi\u00adlen ne\u00ad\u015fir et\u00addir\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. \u201cDe\u00admi\u00adan\u201d bahym \u00fda\u015f\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 ara\u00adsyn\u00adda uly me\u015f\u00adhur\u00adly\u00adga e\u00fde bol\u00ad\u00fdar.
\nGes\u00adse 1919-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda ma\u015f\u00adga\u00adla\u00adsy\u00adny go\u00ad\u00fdup, \u015ewe\u00fd\u00adsa\u00adri\u00ad\u00fda\u00adny\u0148 g\u00fc\u00adnor\u00adta\u00adsyn\u00adda\u00adky Mon\u00adta\u00adno\u00adla g\u00f6\u00ad\u00e7\u00fcp bar\u00ad\u00fdar. 1923-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda onu\u0148 \u201cSidd\u00adhar\u00adtha\u201d at\u00adly ki\u00adta\u00adby \u00e7yk\u00ad\u00fdar. Bu eser\u00adde onu\u0148 Hin\u00addis\u00adta\u00adna ama\u00adla a\u015fy\u00adran sa\u00adpa\u00adry, \u015fe\u00fd\u00adle hem \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adjy\u00adny\u0148 g\u00fcn\u00addo\u00adgar \u00fdurt\u00adla\u00adry\u00adny\u0148 d\u00e4p-des\u00adsur\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna bo\u00adlan gy\u00adzyk\u00adlan\u00adma\u00adsy be\u00ad\u00fdan edil\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. \u201c\u00c7\u00f6l m\u00f6\u00adje\u00adgi\u201d ro\u00adma\u00adny \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adjy\u00adny\u0148 \u00e4h\u00admi\u00ad\u00fdet\u00adli ro\u00adman\u00adla\u00adry\u00adny\u0148 bi\u00adri bo\u00adlup, on\u00adda \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adjy\u00adny\u0148 gah\u00adry\u00adma\u00adny, su\u00adrat\u00adke\u015f Gar\u00adri Gal\u00adler dur\u00admu\u00ad\u015fy\u0148 d\u00fc\u00fdp ma\u00adny\u00adsy\u00adny ag\u00adtar\u00ad\u00fdar. H\u00e4\u00adzir\u00adki za\u00adman ede\u00adbi\u00ad\u00fdat\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adsy Ernst Ro\u00adze\u00adni\u0148 s\u00f6z\u00adle\u00adri\u00adne g\u00f6\u00adr\u00e4, \u201c\u00c7\u00f6l m\u00f6\u00adje\u00adgi\u201d \u2013 munu\u0148 \u00f6zi ru\u00adhy gym\u00admat\u00adlyk\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 g\u00f6z\u00adle\u00adgin\u00add\u00e4\u00adki ynsany\u0148 \u00f6z a\u0148as\u00adty \u00e7u\u0148\u00adluk\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna ni\u00e7iksi ara\u00adla\u015fyp ba\u015far\u00fdanlygy baradaky il\u00adkin\u00adji ne\u00admes ro\u00adma\u00adny\u00addyr. Onu\u0148 \u201cNar\u00adsiss we Geld\u00admund\u201d (1930) ese\u00adrin\u00add\u00e4\u00adki wa\u00adka\u00adlar bol\u00adsa, or\u00adta asyr Ger\u00adma\u00adni\u00ad\u00fda\u00adsyn\u00adda bo\u00adlup ge\u00e7\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r.
\nOl 1931-nji \u00fdyl\u00addan ba\u015f\u00adlap, 1943-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda ne\u00ad\u015fir edi\u00adlen \u201cMon\u00adjuk o\u00fd\u00adny\u201d at\u00adly ese\u00adri\u00adni\u0148 \u00fcs\u00adt\u00fcn\u00adde i\u015f\u00adl\u00e4p ug\u00adra\u00ad\u00fdar. Ol 1946-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda \u201cYn\u00adsan\u00adper\u00adwer\u00adli\u00adgi\u0148 nus\u00adga\u00adwy tag\u00adlym\u00adla\u00adry\u00adny has a\u00fd\u00addy\u0148\u00adlyk bi\u00adlen \u00fd\u00fc\u00adze \u00e7y\u00adkar\u00ad\u00fdan jo\u015f\u00adgun\u00adly d\u00f6\u00adre\u00addi\u00adji\u00adli\u00adgi, \u015fe\u00fd\u00adle hem aja\u00ad\u00fdyp usu\u00adly\u00ad\u00fde\u00adti \u00fc\u00e7in\u201d No\u00adbe\u00adli\u0148 ede\u00adbi\u00ad\u00fdat bo\u00fdun\u00e7a ba\u00fd\u00adra\u00adgy bi\u00adlen sy\u00adlag\u00adlan\u00ad\u00fdar. \u015ewed aka\u00adde\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adsy\u00adny\u0148 we\u00adki\u00adli An\u00adders Es\u00adter\u00adling \u00f6z \u00e7y\u00adky\u00ad\u015fyn\u00adda \u015fe\u00fd\u00adle di\u00fd\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r: \u201cSy\u00adlag Ges\u00adse i\u0148 bir pa\u00adjy\u00adga\u00adly d\u00f6\u00adw\u00fcr\u00adde ha\u00adky\u00adky yn\u00adsan\u00adper\u00adwer\u00adli\u00adgi go\u00adran\u00adly\u00adgy, \u015fe\u00fd\u00adle hem \u015fa\u00adhy\u00adra\u00adna \u00fcs\u00adt\u00fcn\u00adli\u00adgi \u00fc\u00e7in gow\u00ad\u015fu\u00adryl\u00ad\u00fdar\u201d. Ges\u00adse da\u00adba\u00adra\u00adly \u00fdyg\u00adna\u00adga ge\u00adlip bil\u00adme\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r we onu\u0148 adyn\u00addan \u015fwed mi\u00adnist\u00adri Gen\u00adri Wal\u00adla\u00adton \u00e7y\u00adky\u015f edip, \u015fwed aka\u00adde\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adsy\u00adny\u0148 pre\u00adzi\u00adden\u00adti Zi\u00adgur\u00adda Klur\u00adma\u00adny\u0148 a\u00fd\u00addan\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna sal\u00adgy\u00adla\u00adnyp \u015fe\u00fd\u00adle di\u00fd\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r: \u201cGes\u00adse bi\u00adzi \u00f6\u0148e, has \u00fdo\u00adka\u00adry g\u00f6\u00adte\u00adril\u00adm\u00e4\u00adge \u00e7a\u00adgyr\u00ad\u00fdar! \u00d6z\u00fc\u0148\u00adden r\u00fcs\u00adtem gel! Adam bo\u00adlup \u00fda\u00ad\u015fa\u00admak \u2013 mu\u00adnu\u0148 \u00f6zi, \u00fdag\u00ad\u015fy\u00adlyk bi\u00adlen \u00fda\u00adman\u00adly\u00adgy\u0148 ara\u00adsyn\u00adda\u00adky g\u00f6\u00adre\u015f\u00addir\u201d. Ger\u00adman Ges\u00adse\u00adni\u0148 eser\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni\u0148 i\u00e7in\u00adden bol\u00adsa, ha\u00fd\u00adry\u0148 \u015fer\u00adden \u00fcs\u00adt\u00fcn \u00e7yky\u015fy eri\u015f-ar\u00adga\u00e7 bo\u00adlup ge\u00e7\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r.
\nGes\u00adse No\u00adbel ba\u00fd\u00adra\u00adgy\u00adny alan\u00addan so\u0148\u00adra hi\u00e7 hi\u00adli iri ese\u00adri\u0148 ba\u00ad\u015fy\u00adna bar\u00adma\u00ad\u00fdar. So\u0148\u00adky \u00fdyl\u00adlar\u00adda hi\u00e7 \u00fde\u00adre git\u00adm\u00e4n di\u00ad\u0148e \u015ewe\u00fd\u00adsa\u00adri\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda \u00fda\u00ad\u015fap, 85 \u00fda\u00ad\u015fy\u00adny\u0148 i\u00e7in\u00adde 1962-nji \u00fdy\u00adly\u0148 9-njy aw\u00adgus\u00adtyn\u00adda ara\u00addan \u00e7yk\u00ad\u00fdar.
\nGes\u00adse No\u00adbel ba\u00fd\u00adra\u00adgyn\u00addan ba\u015f\u00adga-da, Gottf\u00adrid Kel\u00adler adyn\u00adda\u00adky S\u00fdu\u00adri\u00adhi\u0148 ede\u00adbi\u00ad\u00fdat ba\u00fd\u00adra\u00adgy, G\u00fdo\u00adte adyn\u00adda\u00adky Frank\u00adfurt ba\u00fd\u00adra\u00adgy, G\u00fcn\u00adba\u00adtar Ger\u00adma\u00adni\u00ad\u00fda\u00adny\u0148 ne\u00ad\u015fir\u00ad\u00fdat i\u015f\u00adg\u00e4r\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni\u0148 we ki\u00adtap s\u00f6w\u00adda\u00adg\u00e4r\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni\u0148 as\u00adso\u00adsia\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adsy\u00adny\u0148 Pa\u00adra\u00adhat\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adlyk ba\u00fd\u00adra\u00adgy, \u015fe\u00fd\u00adle hem Bern uni\u00adwer\u00adsi\u00adte\u00adti\u00adni\u0148 hor\u00admat\u00adly dok\u00adto\u00adry de\u00adre\u00adje\u00adsi bi\u00adlen sy\u00adlag\u00adlan\u00ad\u00fdar. Ol 1926-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adjy\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 Prus aka\u00adde\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adsy\u00adna sa\u00fd\u00adlan\u00ad\u00fdar, \u00fd\u00f6\u00adne d\u00f6rt \u00fdyl\u00addan so\u0148, Ger\u00adma\u00adni\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda\u00adky i\u00e7er\u00adki \u00fdag\u00adda\u00fd\u00adlar ze\u00adrar\u00adly aka\u00adde\u00admi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adny\u0148 d\u00fc\u00adz\u00fc\u00admin\u00adden \u00e7yk\u00ad\u00fdar.
\nGes\u00adse t\u00e4 No\u00adbel ba\u00fd\u00adra\u00adgy\u00adna e\u00fde bol\u00ad\u00fdan\u00ad\u00e7a di\u00ad\u0148e ger\u00adman dil\u00adli \u00ddew\u00adro\u00adpa \u00fdurt\u00adla\u00adryn\u00adda ta\u00adnal\u00ad\u00fdar\u00addy. So\u0148\u00adky \u00fdyl\u00adlar\u00adda bol\u00adsa, onu\u0148 ki\u00adtap\u00adla\u00adry d\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4\u00adni\u0148 d\u00fcr\u00adli dil\u00adle\u00adri\u00adne ter\u00adji\u00adme edi\u00adlip, XX asy\u00adry\u0148 i\u0148 me\u015f\u00adhur \u00fda\u00adzy\u00adjy\u00adla\u00adry\u00adny\u0148 ha\u00adta\u00adry\u00adna gir\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Ges\u00adse \u00f6z eser\u00adle\u00adrin\u00adde XX asy\u00adry\u0148 ba\u015f\u00adla\u00adryn\u00adda\u00adky i\u0148 uly me\u00adse\u00adle\u00adle\u00adre \u00fcn\u00ads\u00fc\u00adni g\u00f6\u00adn\u00fck\u00addir\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Onu\u0148 d\u00f6\u00adre\u00addi\u00adji\u00adli\u00adgi ro\u00adman\u00adtizm bi\u00adlen ek\u00adzis\u00adten\u00adsia\u00adliz\u00admi\u0148 ara\u00adsyn\u00adda\u00adky \u00f6z\u00adbo\u00adlu\u015f\u00adly k\u00f6p\u00adr\u00fc\u00addir. 1960-70-nji \u00fdyl\u00adlar\u00adda Ges\u00adse\u00adni\u0148 ab\u00adra\u00ad\u00fdy d\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4 jem\u00adgy\u00ad\u00fdet\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adli\u00adgin\u00adde has-da ar\u00adtyp, onu\u0148 d\u00f6\u00adre\u00addi\u00adji\u00adli\u00adgi bi\u00adlen \u00fda\u015f\u00adla\u00adram \u00e7yn\u00adla\u00adka\u00fd gy\u00adzyk\u00adla\u00adnyp ba\u015f\u00adla\u00ad\u00fdarlar. Esa\u00adsan hem, onu\u0148 ab\u00adra\u00ad\u00fdy AB\u015e-ny\u0148 \u00fda\u015f\u00adla\u00adry\u00adny\u0148 ara\u00adsyn\u00adda g\u00f6r\u00adne\u00adtin \u00f6s\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015eol bir\u00adwag\u00adty\u0148 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00adde onu\u0148 eser\u00adle\u00adri k\u00f6p\u00adsan\u00adly ede\u00adbi\u00ad\u00fdat\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adlar we tan\u00adkyt\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adlar ta\u00adra\u00adpyn\u00addan jik\u00adme-jik \u00f6w\u00adre\u00adni\u00adlip, ba\u00adha be\u00adril\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. \u00dd\u00f6\u00adne 1980-nji \u00fdyl\u00adlar\u00addan so\u0148 Ges\u00adse\u00adni\u0148 d\u00f6\u00adre\u00addi\u00adji\u00adli\u00adgi\u00adne bo\u00adlan gy\u00adzyk\u00adlan\u00adma, \u00f6\u0148\u00adk\u00fc\u00adsi\u00adne ga\u00adra\u00adny\u0148\u00adda bel\u00adli bir de\u00adre\u00adje\u00adde pe\u00adse d\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcp ug\u00adra\u00ad\u00fdar. \u00dd\u00f6\u00adne mu\u00ad\u0148a ga\u00adra\u00admaz\u00addan, Ges\u00adse\u00adni\u0148 eser\u00adle\u00adri ozal\u00adky\u00adsy \u00fda\u00adly XX asy\u00adry\u0148 ede\u00adbi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adtyn\u00adda a\u00fd\u00adra\u00adtyn orun e\u00fde\u00adle\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ne\u00admes ro\u00adman\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adsy, \u015fa\u00adhy\u00adry, tan\u00adkyt\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adsy, je\u00adma\u00adgat\u00ad\u015fy\u00adna\u00adsy Ger\u00adman Ges\u00adse 1877-nji \u00fdy\u00adly\u0148 2-nji i\u00fdu\u00adlyn\u00adda Germani\u00fdany\u0148 Kalw \u015f\u00e4herinde yla\u00adhy eser\u00adle\u00adri ne\u00ad\u015fir ed\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n, yla\u00adhy\u00ad\u00fdet\u00ad\u00e7ini\u0148 ma\u015f\u00adga\u00adlasyn\u00adda d\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4 in\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. \u00dda\u00adzy\u00adjy\u00adny\u0148 eje\u00adsi Ma\u00adri\u00ad\u00fda Gun\u00addert Ges\u00adse dil\u00ad\u00e7i bo\u00adlup, uzak wagt\u00adlap Hin\u00addis\u00adtan\u00adda \u00fda\u00ad\u015fa\u00ad\u00fdar hem-de dul ga\u00adlan\u00addan so\u0148\u00adra Ges\u00adse\u00adni\u0148 ka\u00adka\u00adsy\u00adna dur\u00admu\u00ad\u015fa \u00e7yk\u00ad\u00fdar. \u00dda\u00adzy\u00adjy\u00adny\u0148 ka\u00adka\u00adsy Io\u00adhan\u00adnes Ges\u00adse, \u00f6z wag\u00adtyn\u00adda Hin\u00addis\u00adtan\u00adda mis\u00adsio\u00adner\u00adlik i\u015fi bi\u00adlen me\u015f\u00adgul\u00adlan\u00ad\u00fdan eken. 1880-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9930,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9929"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9929"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9929\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/media\/9930"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9929"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9929"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/%77%70%2d%6a%73%6f%6e\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9929"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}