H\u00e4\u00adzir\u00adki wagt\u00adda 118 sa\u00adny ele\u00adment bo\u00adlup, ola\u00adry\u0148 94 sa\u00adny\u00adsy \u00dder \u00fd\u00fc\u00adz\u00fcn\u00adde te\u00adbi\u00adgy \u00fdag\u00adda\u00fd\u00adda du\u015f\u00fdar. E\u00fd\u00adsem, ola\u00adry\u0148 tab\u00adli\u00adsa\u00adsy n\u00e4\u00addip d\u00f6\u00adre\u00addil\u00addi?! XIX asy\u00adry\u0148 ba\u015f\u00adla\u00adryn\u00adda ele\u00adment\u00adle\u00adri\u0148 hi\u00admi\u00adki we fi\u00adzi\u00adki h\u00e4\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fdet\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni \u00f6w\u00adren\u00admek\u00adde uly i\u015f\u00adler ama\u00adla a\u015fy\u00adryl\u00ad\u00fdar. Bu ugur\u00adda edi\u00adlen i\u015f\u00adle\u00adri\u0148 ne\u00adti\u00adje\u00adsin\u00adde t\u00e4\u00adze a\u00e7y\u015f\u00adlar edil\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Ele\u00adment\u00adler ba\u00adra\u00adda top\u00adla\u00adnan mag\u00adlu\u00admat\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 sa\u00fd\u00adpal\u00adlan\u00adma\u00adgy \u00fc\u00e7in alym\u00adlar ola\u00adry to\u00adpar\u00adla\u00adra b\u00f6\u00adl\u00fcp\u00addir\u00adler. Mu\u00adnu\u0148 \u00fc\u00e7in d\u00fcr\u00adli \u00fdurt\u00adlar\u00adda d\u00fcr\u00adli i\u015f\u00adle\u00adri bir-bi\u00adrin\u00adden ta\u00adpa\u00adwut\u00adly\u00adlyk\u00adda \u015fol bir a\u00e7y\u015f\u00adla\u00adry edip\u00addir\u00adler. H\u00e4\u00adzir\u00adki wagt\u00adda \u00e4h\u00adli bi\u00adlim d\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4\u00adsin\u00adde gi\u0148\u00adden bel\u00adli bo\u00adlan we Men\u00adde\u00adle\u00ad\u00fde\u00adwi\u0148 tab\u00adli\u00adsa\u00adsy at\u00adly ele\u00adment\u00adle\u00adri\u0148 tab\u00adli\u00adsa\u00adsy bir\u00adn\u00e4\u00ad\u00e7e \u00fdy\u00adly\u0148 do\u00adwa\u00admyn\u00adda d\u00f6\u00adre\u00addi\u00adlip\u00addir. Ele\u00adment\u00adler ba\u00adra\u00adda\u00adky il\u00adkin\u00adji yl\u00admy i\u015f\u00adler 1649-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda Hen\u00adnig Bran\u00addy\u0148 fos\u00adfo\u00adry tap\u00adma\u00adgy bi\u00adlen has hem g\u00fc\u00fd\u00adje\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. 1869-njy \u00fdy\u00adla \u00e7en\u00adli 63 ele\u00adment anyk\u00adlan\u00ad\u00fdar. Bu ele\u00adment\u00adle\u00adri\u0148 sa\u00adny\u00adny\u0148 art\u00adma\u00adgy ola\u00adry\u0148 to\u00adpar\u00adla\u00adra b\u00f6\u00adl\u00fcn\u00adme\u00adgi\u00adne ze\u00adrur\u00adlyk d\u00f6\u00adred\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Ele\u00adment\u00adle\u00adri\u0148 tab\u00adli\u00adsa\u00adsy\u00adny\u0148 d\u00f6\u00adre\u00addil\u00adme\u00adgi \u00fc\u00e7in k\u00f6p i\u015f\u00adler \u00fde\u00adri\u00adne \u00fde\u00adti\u00adril\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Bu ugur\u00adda\u00adky il\u00adkin\u00adji yl\u00admy i\u015f\u00adle\u00adri fran\u00adsuz aly\u00admy An\u00adtu\u00adan Lo\u00adran La\u00adwu\u00adaz\u00ad\u00fde \u00fde\u00adri\u00adne \u00fde\u00adtir\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. XVIII asy\u00adry\u0148 ahy\u00adryn\u00adda \u015fol wagt\u00adlar ele\u00adment ha\u00adsap edil\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n 33 mad\u00adda\u00adny me\u00adtal\u00adlar we me\u00adtal d\u00e4l\u00adler h\u00f6k\u00adm\u00fcn\u00adde iki to\u00adpa\u00adra b\u00f6l\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r\u00adler. Em\u00adma so\u0148\u00adky \u00fdyl\u00adlar\u00adda bu mad\u00adda\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 k\u00e4\u00adbir\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni\u0148 a\u00fd\u00adra\u00adtyn ele\u00adment d\u00e4l\u00addi\u00adgi anyk\u00adlan\u00ad\u00fdar.
\n1780\u20131849-njy \u00fdyl\u00adlar ara\u00adly\u00adgyn\u00adda \u00fda\u00ad\u015fap ge\u00ad\u00e7en ne\u00admes aly\u00admy Io\u00adgan Wolf\u00adgang D\u00fdo\u00adbe\u00adre\u00fd\u00adner ele\u00adment\u00adle\u00adri hi\u00admi\u00adki a\u00fd\u00adra\u00adtyn\u00adlyk\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna g\u00f6\u00adr\u00e4 \u00fc\u00e7 to\u00adpa\u00adra b\u00f6l\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r.
\nBel\u00adli fran\u00adsuz geo\u00adlo\u00adgy we hi\u00admi\u00adgi Alek\u00adsandr Emil de \u015ean\u00adkur\u00adtua ele\u00adment\u00adle\u00adri fi\u00adzi\u00adki we hi\u00admi\u00adki a\u00fd\u00adra\u00adtyn\u00adlyk\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna g\u00f6\u00adr\u00e4, to\u00adpar\u00adla\u00adra b\u00f6\u00adl\u00fcp, il\u00adkin\u00adji tab\u00adli\u00adsa\u00adny d\u00f6\u00adred\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r.
\nBri\u00adtan hi\u00admi\u00adgi Jon N\u00fdu\u00adlends 1837\u20131898-nji \u00fdyl\u00adlar ara\u00adly\u00adgyn\u00adda ge\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adren yl\u00admy i\u015f\u00adle\u00adrin\u00adde fi\u00adzi\u00adki a\u00fd\u00adra\u00adtyn\u00adlyk\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna g\u00f6\u00adr\u00e4 ele\u00adment\u00adle\u00adri 11 to\u00adpa\u00adra b\u00f6\u00adl\u00fcp\u00addir. Ol ele\u00adment\u00adle\u00adri atom mas\u00adsa\u00adla\u00adry\u00adna g\u00f6\u00adr\u00e4 bel\u00adli ter\u00adti\u00adbe sa\u00adla\u00adnyn\u00adda, her se\u00adki\u00adzin\u00adji ele\u00admen\u00adti\u0148 bi\u00adrin\u00adji bi\u00adlen, 9-njy ele\u00admen\u00adti\u0148 ikin\u00adji bi\u00adlen me\u0148\u00adze\u015f\u00addi\u00adgi\u00adni anyk\u00adlap\u00addyr.
\nNe\u00admes fi\u00adzi\u00adgi \u00ddu\u00adli\u00adus Lo\u00adtar Me\u00ad\u00fder hem-de rus hi\u00admi\u00adgi Dmit\u00adri\u00fd Men\u00adde\u00adle\u00ad\u00fdew bi\u00adri-bir\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni\u0148\u00adk\u00e4 me\u0148\u00adze\u015f a\u00e7y\u015f\u00adla\u00adry ed\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r\u00adler. Men\u00adde\u00adle\u00ad\u00fdew atom\u00adla\u00adry ag\u00adra\u00admy\u00adna g\u00f6\u00adr\u00e4 ter\u00adti\u00adbe sa\u00adla\u00adnyn\u00adda, k\u00e4\u00adbir a\u00fd\u00adra\u00adtyn\u00adlyk\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 ga\u00fd\u00adta\u00adla\u00adnan\u00addy\u00adgy\u00adna g\u00f6z \u00fde\u00adti\u00adrip\u00addir. Bu a\u00e7y\u00ad\u015fy \u015fol wag\u00adta \u00e7en\u00adli anyk\u00adla\u00adnan 63 ele\u00admen\u00adti\u0148 atom mas\u00adsa\u00adsy\u00adna g\u00f6\u00adr\u00e4, bel\u00adli bir tab\u00adli\u00adsa\u00adny d\u00f6\u00adret\u00adme\u00adgi\u00adne m\u00fcm\u00adkin\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adlik be\u00adrip\u00addir. Onu\u0148 tab\u00adli\u00adsa\u00adsyn\u00adda k\u00e4\u00adbir \u00f6\u00fd\u00adj\u00fck\u00adler en\u00adtek a\u00e7yl\u00adma\u00addyk ele\u00adment\u00adler \u00fc\u00e7in bo\u015f go\u00fd\u00adlup\u00addyr. So\u0148\u00adky \u00fdyl\u00adlar\u00adda Se, Ga, Ge ele\u00adment\u00adle\u00adri tab\u00adli\u00adsa\u00adda\u00adky bo\u015f\u00adluk\u00adla\u00adra \u00fder\u00adle\u015f\u00addi\u00adri\u00adlip\u00addir. Bu tab\u00adli\u00adsa\u00adda ele\u00adment\u00adler 12 pe\u00adri\u00adodda (ke\u00adse\u00adli\u00adgi\u00adne) we se\u00adkiz s\u00fc\u00adt\u00fcn\u00adde \u00fder\u00adle\u015f\u00addi\u00adri\u00adlip\u00addir. H\u00e4\u00adzir\u00adki wagt\u00adda t\u00e4\u00adze ele\u00adment\u00adler hem d\u00f6\u00adre\u00addi\u00adlip, ola\u00adry\u0148 k\u00e4\u00adbi\u00adri di\u00ad\u0148e bir\u00adn\u00e4\u00ad\u00e7e se\u00adkunt\u00adlap \u00f6z a\u00fd\u00adra\u00adtyn\u00adly\u00adgy\u00adny sak\u00adlap bil\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Ola\u00adry d\u00f6\u00adret\u00admek \u00fc\u00e7in d\u00fcn\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4\u00adni\u0148 d\u00fcr\u00adli \u00fder\u00adle\u00adrin\u00add\u00e4\u00adki h\u00fc\u00adn\u00e4r\u00admen\u00adler yl\u00admy i\u015f\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni ge\u00ad\u00e7ir\u00adme\u00adgi\u00adni do\u00adwam et\u00addir\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r\u00adler.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
H\u00e4\u00adzir\u00adki wagt\u00adda 118 sa\u00adny ele\u00adment bo\u00adlup, ola\u00adry\u0148 94 sa\u00adny\u00adsy \u00dder \u00fd\u00fc\u00adz\u00fcn\u00adde te\u00adbi\u00adgy \u00fdag\u00adda\u00fd\u00adda du\u015f\u00fdar. E\u00fd\u00adsem, ola\u00adry\u0148 tab\u00adli\u00adsa\u00adsy n\u00e4\u00addip d\u00f6\u00adre\u00addil\u00addi?! XIX asy\u00adry\u0148 ba\u015f\u00adla\u00adryn\u00adda ele\u00adment\u00adle\u00adri\u0148 hi\u00admi\u00adki we fi\u00adzi\u00adki h\u00e4\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fdet\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni \u00f6w\u00adren\u00admek\u00adde uly i\u015f\u00adler ama\u00adla a\u015fy\u00adryl\u00ad\u00fdar. Bu ugur\u00adda edi\u00adlen i\u015f\u00adle\u00adri\u0148 ne\u00adti\u00adje\u00adsin\u00adde t\u00e4\u00adze a\u00e7y\u015f\u00adlar edil\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4r. Ele\u00adment\u00adler ba\u00adra\u00adda top\u00adla\u00adnan mag\u00adlu\u00admat\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 sa\u00fd\u00adpal\u00adlan\u00adma\u00adgy \u00fc\u00e7in alym\u00adlar ola\u00adry to\u00adpar\u00adla\u00adra b\u00f6\u00adl\u00fcp\u00addir\u00adler. Mu\u00adnu\u0148 \u00fc\u00e7in d\u00fcr\u00adli \u00fdurt\u00adlar\u00adda d\u00fcr\u00adli […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10581,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10580"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10580"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10580\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10581"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10580"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10580"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10580"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}