Adam\u00adzat ta\u00adry\u00adhyn\u00adda \u00fda\u00adzuw\u00adly d\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fc\u00adni\u015f\u00adme\u00adgi\u0148 il\u00adkin\u00adji g\u00f6r\u00adn\u00fc\u015f\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni\u0148 d\u00fcr\u00adli geo\u00admet\u00adrik \u015fe\u00adkil\u00adler bo\u00adlan\u00addy\u00adgy a\u00fd\u00addyl\u00ad\u00fdar. Il\u00adkin\u00adji \u015fe\u00adkil\u00adler da\u015f b\u00f6\u00adle\u00adgi we hek bi\u00adlen aga\u00e7\u00adla\u00adry\u0148, da\u015f\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 \u00fd\u00fc\u00adz\u00fc\u00adne \u00e7y\u00adzy\u00adlyp hem-de o\u00fdu\u00adlyp \u00e7e\u00adki\u00adlip\u00addir. Bu il\u00adkin\u00adji \u00fda\u00adzuw en\u00addik\u00adle\u00adri bo\u00adlup, a\u0148-d\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcn\u00adj\u00e4\u00adni\u0148 \u00f6s\u00adme\u00adgi bi\u00adlen \u00fda\u00adzuw es\u00adbap\u00adla\u00adry k\u00e4\u00admil\u00adle\u015f\u00addi\u00adri\u00adlip ba\u015f\u00adlan\u00ad\u00fdar. Tak\u00admy\u00adnan, 1560-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda ital\u00ad\u00fdan ne\u00e7\u00adjar\u00adla\u00adry\u00ad (aga\u00e7 us\u00adsa\u00adsy) Si\u00admo\u00adnio we Lin\u00addia\u00adna Ber\u00adna\u00adkot\u00adti\u00adni\u0148 ga\u00adla\u00admy\u0148 il\u00adkin\u00adji g\u00f6r\u00adn\u00fc\u00ad\u015fi\u00adni o\u00fd\u00adlap ta\u00adpan\u00addyk\u00adla\u00adry \u00e7ak\u00adla\u00adnyl\u00ad\u00fdar. Olar ar\u00ad\u00e7a aga\u00adjy\u00adny\u0148 i\u00e7i bo\u015f ta\u00ad\u00fda\u00adjy\u00adgy\u00adny\u0148 i\u00e7i\u00adne ga\u00adra re\u0148k be\u00adri\u00adji\u00adni \u00fder\u00adle\u015f\u00addir\u00adme\u00adgi g\u00f6z \u00f6\u0148\u00fcn\u00adde tu\u00adtup\u00addyr\u00adlar. So\u0148\u00adra has \u00fdo\u00adka\u00adry usul: de\u0148 ik\u00e4 ke\u00adsi\u00adlen aga\u00adjy\u0148 mer\u00adke\u00adzi\u00adni dik\u00adli\u00adgi\u00adne o\u00fdup, gra\u00adfit ta\u00ad\u00fda\u00adgy\u00adny \u00fder\u00adle\u015f\u00addi\u00adrip, \u00fda\u00adrym b\u00f6\u00adlek\u00adler \u00fdel\u00adme\u00admek o\u00fd\u00adla\u00adnyp ta\u00adpyl\u00ad\u00fdar. Bu usul \u015fu g\u00fc\u00adne \u00e7en\u00adli hem ula\u00adnyl\u00ad\u00fdar.
\nGra\u00adfi\u00adti\u0148 ga\u00adlyn\u00addy\u00adla\u00adry il\u00adkin\u00adji ge\u00adzek 1654-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda Ang\u00adli\u00ad\u00fda\u00adda o\u00fd\u00adla\u00adnyp ta\u00adpyl\u00ad\u00fdar. El\u00adde berk sak\u00adlan\u00adma\u00adgy \u00fc\u00e7in il\u00adki-il\u00adki\u00adler gra\u00adfit ta\u00ad\u00fda\u00adjyk\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 da\u00ad\u015fy\u00adna sim \u00fda-da go\u00ad\u00fdun de\u00adri\u00adsi \u00f6r\u00adt\u00fc\u00adlip\u00addir. 1662-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda Ger\u00adma\u00adni\u00ad\u00fda\u00adny\u0148 N\u00fdurn\u00adberg \u015f\u00e4\u00adhe\u00adrin\u00adde gra\u00adfit k\u00fcl\u00adke\u00adsin\u00adden gra\u00adfit ta\u00ad\u00fda\u00adjy\u00adgy\u00adny\u0148 ga\u00fd\u00adta\u00addan i\u015f\u00adle\u00adnip ta\u00fd\u00ad\u00fdar\u00adla\u00adnyl\u00ad\u00fdan usu\u00adly\u00adny\u0148 o\u00fd\u00adla\u00adnyp ta\u00adpyl\u00adma\u00adgy bi\u00adlen, ga\u00adla\u00admy\u0148 \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00ad\u00e7i\u00adli\u00adgi \u00f6s\u00fcp ba\u015f\u00adla\u00ad\u00fdar.
\n1775-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda fran\u00adsi\u00ad\u00fda\u00adly Ni\u00adkola \u017dak Kon\u00adte hem ga\u00adla\u00admy\u0148 in\u00ad\u00e7e\u00adjik ta\u00ad\u00fdak g\u00f6r\u00adn\u00fc\u00ad\u015fi\u00adni, \u00fdag\u00adny pal\u00ad\u00e7y\u00adgy\u0148 we gra\u00adfi\u00adti\u0148 ga\u00adryn\u00addy\u00adsy\u00adny\u0148 iki ta\u00ad\u00fda\u00adjy\u00adgy\u0148 ara\u00adsyn\u00adda \u00fder\u00adle\u015f\u00addi\u00adri\u00adlen g\u00f6r\u00adn\u00fc\u00ad\u015fi\u00adni \u00fda\u00adsa\u00ad\u00fdar. Ol 1795-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda ga\u00adlam \u00f6n\u00add\u00fcr\u00adm\u00e4ge pa\u00adten\u00adt alan\u00addan so\u0148\u00adra, \u00f6z ady\u00adny g\u00f6\u00adter\u00ad\u00fd\u00e4n k\u00e4rhanany\u0148 d\u00fc\u00fd\u00adb\u00fc\u00adni tut\u00ad\u00fdar. Pa\u00adri\u00ad\u017ei\u0148 \u00abKon\u00adte\u00bb k\u00e4r\u00adha\u00adna\u00adsy ga\u00adlam \u00f6n\u00add\u00fcr\u00admek\u00adde \u00f6\u0148\u00adde\u00adba\u00adry\u00adjy ha\u00adsap\u00adlan\u00ad\u00fdar.
\n1858-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda Hy\u00admen Lip\u00adman il\u00adkin\u00adji bo\u00adlup \u00f6\u00e7\u00fc\u00adri\u00adji\u00adni (boz\u00adgu\u00e7) ga\u00adla\u00admy\u0148 uju\u00adna dak\u00admaga pa\u00adten\u00adt al\u00ad\u00fdar. \u015eon\u00addan so\u0148 \u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00adg\u00fc\u00e7\u00adli ga\u00adlam\u00adlar \u00fd\u00fc\u00adze \u00e7y\u00adkyp ba\u015f\u00adla\u00ad\u00fdar. Eber\u00adhars Fa\u00adber 1861-nji \u00fdyl\u00adda N\u00fdu-\u00ddork\u00adda il\u00adkin\u00adji galam \u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fd\u00e4n k\u00e4rhanany\u0148 d\u00fc\u00fd\u00adb\u00fc\u00adni tut\u00ad\u00fdar. Aga\u00e7 gat\u00adlak\u00adly ga\u00adlam\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 d\u00f6\u00adr\u00e4\u00adni\u00adne 200 \u00fdyldan gow\u00adrak wagt ge\u00e7\u00addi. H\u00e4\u00adzir\u00adki wagt\u00adda ga\u00adlam\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 gra\u00adfit, ga\u00adty gra\u00adfit, su\u00adwuk gra\u00adfit, k\u00f6\u00adm\u00fcr\u00adli, ug\u00adle\u00adrod\u00adly, re\u0148k\u00adli, \u00fdag\u00adly we ak\u00adwa\u00adrel \u00fda\u00adly bir\u00adn\u00e4\u00ad\u00e7e g\u00f6r\u00adn\u00fc\u015fi bar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Adam\u00adzat ta\u00adry\u00adhyn\u00adda \u00fda\u00adzuw\u00adly d\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fc\u00adni\u015f\u00adme\u00adgi\u0148 il\u00adkin\u00adji g\u00f6r\u00adn\u00fc\u015f\u00adle\u00adri\u00adni\u0148 d\u00fcr\u00adli geo\u00admet\u00adrik \u015fe\u00adkil\u00adler bo\u00adlan\u00addy\u00adgy a\u00fd\u00addyl\u00ad\u00fdar. Il\u00adkin\u00adji \u015fe\u00adkil\u00adler da\u015f b\u00f6\u00adle\u00adgi we hek bi\u00adlen aga\u00e7\u00adla\u00adry\u0148, da\u015f\u00adla\u00adry\u0148 \u00fd\u00fc\u00adz\u00fc\u00adne \u00e7y\u00adzy\u00adlyp hem-de o\u00fdu\u00adlyp \u00e7e\u00adki\u00adlip\u00addir. Bu il\u00adkin\u00adji \u00fda\u00adzuw en\u00addik\u00adle\u00adri bo\u00adlup, a\u0148-d\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcn\u00adj\u00e4\u00adni\u0148 \u00f6s\u00adme\u00adgi bi\u00adlen \u00fda\u00adzuw es\u00adbap\u00adla\u00adry k\u00e4\u00admil\u00adle\u015f\u00addi\u00adri\u00adlip ba\u015f\u00adlan\u00ad\u00fdar. Tak\u00admy\u00adnan, 1560-njy \u00fdyl\u00adda ital\u00ad\u00fdan ne\u00e7\u00adjar\u00adla\u00adry\u00ad (aga\u00e7 us\u00adsa\u00adsy) Si\u00admo\u00adnio we Lin\u00addia\u00adna Ber\u00adna\u00adkot\u00adti\u00adni\u0148 ga\u00adla\u00admy\u0148 il\u00adkin\u00adji g\u00f6r\u00adn\u00fc\u00ad\u015fi\u00adni o\u00fd\u00adlap ta\u00adpan\u00addyk\u00adla\u00adry \u00e7ak\u00adla\u00adnyl\u00ad\u00fdar. Olar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":126654,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/126651"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=126651"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/126651\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":126653,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/126651\/revisions\/126653"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/126654"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=126651"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=126651"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamanturkmenistan.com.tm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=126651"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}